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Data Handling and Presentation - Pictographs

Grade 6CBSE

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

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A pictograph represents data through pictures or symbols of objects. It helps us understand a large amount of information at a single glance.

A basic pictograph setup showing three circles representing a quantity with a defined scale.
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The 'Scale' or 'Key' is the most important part of a pictograph. It defines how many units one single symbol represents. For example, if 11 star symbol represents 1010 stars, then 33 stars represent 3×10=303 \times 10 = 30 stars.

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To find the total quantity for a category, multiply the number of symbols shown by the value given in the scale: Total Value=Number of Symbols×Scale Value\text{Total Value} = \text{Number of Symbols} \times \text{Scale Value}

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Sometimes, a partial symbol is used to represent a value less than the full scale. For example, if a full circle represents 1010, a semi-circle might represent 55.

📐Formulae

Total Value=Number of Symbols×Value per Symbol\text{Total Value} = \text{Number of Symbols} \times \text{Value per Symbol}

Number of Symbols=Total ValueValue per Symbol\text{Number of Symbols} = \frac{\text{Total Value}}{\text{Value per Symbol}}

💡Examples

Problem 1:

In a village, the number of tractors owned by farmers is shown using pictographs. If 11 symbol of a tractor represents 55 tractors, and Farmer Ramu has 66 symbols next to his name, how many tractors does he own?

Solution:

Farmer Ramu owns 3030 tractors.

Explanation:

Given that 11 symbol = 55 tractors. Since Ramu has 66 symbols, the calculation is: Total tractors=6×5=30\text{Total tractors} = 6 \times 5 = 30

Problem 2:

A shopkeeper sold 4848 shirts on Tuesday. If he uses a scale where 11 symbol S\text{S} represents 88 shirts, how many symbols should he draw in the pictograph for Tuesday?

Solution:

The shopkeeper should draw 66 symbols.

Explanation:

To find the number of symbols, we divide the total quantity by the value of one symbol: 48÷8=6\begin{array}{r} 48 \div 8 = 6 \end{array} So, 66 symbols are required.

Problem 3:

The following symbols represent the number of students who like different fruits. If 11 symbol \smiley=10\smiley = 10 students, find the difference between students who like Mango (55 symbols) and students who like Apple (33 symbols).

Solution:

The difference is 2020 students.

Explanation:

Number of students who like Mango = 5×10=505 \times 10 = 50. Number of students who like Apple = 3×10=303 \times 10 = 30. Difference: 50−3020\begin{array}{r} 50 \\ - 30 \\ \hline 20 \end{array} Alternatively, difference in symbols = 5−3=25 - 3 = 2 symbols. Value = 2×10=202 \times 10 = 20.

Problem 4:

The following pictograph shows the number of electric bulbs sold by a shopkeeper on four different days. If each symbol ⊗\otimes represents 44 bulbs, find the total number of bulbs sold on Monday and Wednesday combined.

Pictograph showing 3 circles for Monday and 5 circles for Wednesday.

Solution:

  1. Identify the symbols for Monday: 33 symbols.
  2. Calculate bulbs for Monday: 3×4=123 \times 4 = 12 bulbs.
  3. Identify the symbols for Wednesday: 55 symbols.
  4. Calculate bulbs for Wednesday: 5×4=205 \times 4 = 20 bulbs.
  5. Total bulbs = 12+20=3212 + 20 = 32 bulbs.

Explanation:

We use the scale 11 symbol =4= 4 units. By counting the symbols for each day and multiplying by 44, we get the actual counts, which are then added together.

Problem 5:

A class library has books of different subjects. The number of Math books is 3030 and Science books is 2525. If we use a symbol □\square to represent 55 books, how many symbols must be drawn for Math and Science respectively?

Pictograph representation showing 6 squares for Math and 5 squares for Science.

Solution:

  1. For Math: Number of symbols = 305=6\frac{30}{5} = 6 symbols.
  2. For Science: Number of symbols = 255=5\frac{25}{5} = 5 symbols.

Explanation:

To find the number of symbols needed, we divide the total quantity by the value of one symbol (the scale).