Physics: Electricity and Magnetism

Mirror

Electric bell

Glass beaker

Wooden chair

Isotope

Ion

Element

Molecule

Ocean tides

The atmosphere during a thunderstorm

Wind patterns

Solar eclipses

Singles

Pairs (North and South)

Triples

Groups of four

It is attracted to the Geographic North pole.

It aligns with the Earth's magnetic field lines.

The North pole of the Earth is a large positive charge.

The sun's gravity pulls it that way.

Double the original force.

Half the original force.

One-fourth the original force.

Four times the original force.

Positive

Negative

Zero (Neutral)

Infinite

They always exit from positive charges.

They always enter into negative charges.

They form closed loops like magnetic field lines.

The number of lines is proportional to the magnitude of the charge.

Iron

Nickel

Copper

Cobalt

It deflects in the same direction but further.

It deflects in the opposite direction.

It stops deflecting and points North.

It spins continuously.

They get brighter

They get dimmer

They stay the same

They blink

$5\,A$

$0.2\,A$

$2000\,A$

$80\,A$

$10\,\Omega$

$20\,\Omega$

$30\,\Omega$

$200\,\Omega$

Switch

Fuse

Resistor

Voltmeter

$10\ \Omega$

$6\ \Omega$

$4\ \Omega$

$2\ \Omega$

Ammeter

Voltmeter

Ohmmeter

Galvanometer

As Current increases, Voltage must decrease for constant R

Increasing Resistance for a fixed Voltage results in decreased Current

Decreasing Current for a fixed Resistance results in increased Voltage

Resistance is independent of Voltage and Current

6 units

60 units

180 units

200 units

To ensure they have the same voltage as the component

To ensure they experience the same flow of charge per second

To increase the total resistance of the circuit

To prevent a short circuit

Same

Double

Half

One-quarter

Series with the component

Parallel with the component

The middle of the wire

The negative terminal only

They get brighter

They get dimmer

They stay the same

They blink

Making it shorter

Making it thicker

Making it longer

Using silver instead of iron

$0.5A$

$1A$

$2A$

$4A$

At Point $B$ only, because it measures the current after it has passed through a bulb.

At either Point $A$ or Point $C$, because these points are in the main part of the circuit before it splits or after it recombines.

Only at Junction 1, as this is the specific location where the current is divided.

At any point in the circuit, because current remains constant at all points in a parallel circuit.

$1\ A$

$2\ A$

$3\ A$

$6\ A$

A circle with an 'X' through it

A zigzag line

Two or more pairs of long and short parallel lines

A circle with an 'A' inside

Increased, because it reduces the total current in the circuit.

Decreased, because it allows more voltage for the bulb.

Increased, because it increases the voltage available to the bulb.

Decreased, because it reduces the total current in the circuit.

One piece is a North pole and the other is a South pole.

Two smaller magnets, each with its own North and South pole.

Two pieces of non-magnetic metal.

One piece remains magnetic while the other loses its magnetism.

The potential difference is highest across the resistor with the highest resistance.

The potential difference is lowest across the resistor with the highest resistance.

The potential difference is the same across all resistors.

The sum of the potential differences across each resistor equals the battery voltage.

Live wire

Neutral wire

Earth wire

Fuse wire

1.5V

12V

230V

10,000V

Reduced battery life

Fire due to extreme heat from high current

Lowering the resistance of the wires

Making the lights too dim

The fuse is too high quality

There is an underlying fault or overloading

The electricity is too clean

The walls are too thick

To ensure the metal casing becomes an insulator during the fault.

To keep the current low enough so the appliance can continue to be used safely.

To allow a large enough current to flow so that the fuse in the live wire melts rapidly.

To increase the total resistance of the circuit and prevent heat buildup in the wires.

The total resistance of the circuit increases, causing the battery to last longer.

Most current flows through the copper wire, creating a 'short circuit' that should blow the fuse.

The light bulb glows much brighter because the copper wire provides an additional path for energy.

The potential difference across the light bulb increases significantly due to the extra wire.

The circuit is now closed and current is flowing

The electromagnet has pulled the switch open to stop current flow

The wire inside has melted and needs to be replaced

The appliance has been successfully earthed

It cannot detect short circuits

It is slower to react and requires manual replacement

It only works on DC circuits

It increases the total power consumption of the house

1,000 times more

100,000 times more

1,000,000 times more

10,000 times more

Nothing, because the current is still in a loop

It blows because the total resistance of the circuit has dropped to near zero

It blows because the voltage has doubled

It stays intact, but the appliance gets colder

A generator

An electric motor

A transformer

A solar panel

To make electricity more expensive

To use resources that will not run out

To burn as much coal as possible

To stop using all electricity

$10\ V$

$100\ V$

$1,000\ V$

$1,000,000\ V$

Uranium

Methane

Carbon

Nitrogen

The voltage would increase to compensate

The frequency of the AC would drop, potentially causing a blackout

The transmission lines would become superconductors

The transformers would automatically switch to DC

Watts (W)

Volts (V)

Kilowatt-hours (kWh)

Amperes (A)

Identities and Relationships

Orientation in Space and Time

Scientific and Technical Innovation

Language Acquisition

To condense steam back into water in the boiler

To adjust the power factor and stabilize the voltage on the grid

To step down the voltage for residential use

To measure the amount of coal being burned

When the plane of the coil is parallel to the magnetic field lines

When the plane of the coil is perpendicular to the magnetic field lines

When the coil is not moving

The EMF is constant regardless of position

The voltage would become zero

No magnetic flux would reach it

The energy lost in the secondary coil as heat would be eliminated

The primary coil would stop working

Nucleus

Protons

Neutrons

Electrons

A magnetic field

A vacuum

A gravitational pull

A chemical change

Iron

Nickel

Copper

Cobalt

North Pole

South Pole

East Pole

West Pole

The heating element in a toaster.

The storage of data on a hard drive (using magnetic heads).

The filament in an incandescent light bulb.

The glass in a smartphone screen.

The magnet stops working.

The North and South poles of the electromagnet switch places.

The electromagnet becomes twice as strong.

The wire will melt due to the change in flow.

Using a thinner wire with more resistance.

Decreasing the strength of the permanent magnets.

Increasing the current through the wire.

Turning the magnetic field off.

To find the direction of induced current in a generator.

To find the direction of the magnetic field around a single wire.

To find the direction of the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field.

To calculate the total resistance of an electromagnet.

Heating it to a red-hot temperature.

Dropping it from a great height repeatedly.

Placing it in a strong DC magnetic field in the same direction as its own field.

Placing it in a coil carrying a high-frequency AC current and slowly withdrawing it.

The changing static electricity on the paper cone.

The interaction between the magnetic field of a permanent magnet and the changing magnetic field of a voice coil.

The physical expansion and contraction of the wire due to heat.

The air pressure created by the split-ring commutator.

The motor spins slower

The motor spins faster

The motor stops

The motor changes to an AC generator

AC is safer for humans

AC can be easily transformed to different voltages

AC travels at the speed of light, while DC does not

AC does not require wires

$4V$

$20V$

$100V$

$500V$

Coil of wire

Slip rings

Split-ring commutator

Brushes

It allows the motor to be powered by a low-voltage battery.

It ensures the coil reverses its magnetic polarity at exactly the right time.

It allows the motor speed to be controlled by adjusting the external magnetic field strength.

It converts the device into a step-up transformer when the motor stops spinning.

Decreasing the current

Removing the iron core

Adding more turns of wire to the coil

Using plastic instead of copper wire

The transformer steps up the DC voltage

The transformer steps down the DC voltage

There is no output in the secondary coil after the initial switch-on

The transformer core becomes a permanent magnet

$90^\circ$

$45^\circ$

$0^\circ$

$180^\circ$ only

The strength of the magnetic field

The amount of current in the wire

The length of the wire in the field

The material the wire is made of (assuming constant current)

$V_p / I_p = V_s / I_s$

$V_p I_p = V_s I_s$

$V_p + I_p = V_s + I_s$

$V_p / V_s = I_p / I_s$

The large outer casing

The part where all current leaves

The control terminal that regulates the current

The source of the voltage

Appliances communicating with each other to save energy

Using more paper to record data

Disconnecting all devices from the web

Only using battery-powered devices

Changes DC to AC

Changes AC to DC

Changes heat to light

Changes sound to electricity

It is a liquid at room temperature

It is a semiconductor with properties that can be easily controlled

It is the best conductor of electricity, better than copper

It is an excellent insulator like rubber

Cutting down trees near power lines

Reducing the demand for electricity during the highest usage times

Increasing the price of electricity for everyone

Building new power plants during the winter

It is the main source of power

It acts as the control terminal for current flow

It is the output where the current leaves the device

It provides structural support to the chip

The people who build it

The use of digital technology and automation to manage electricity

The fact that it is painted in bright colors

The ability to generate electricity without any fuel

It is the width of the entire semiconductor; it increases with doping.

It is the area where no charge carriers exist; it decreases as doping concentration increases because there are more carriers to neutralize the field.

It is the distance between the battery and the diode; it never changes.

It is the width of the metal wires; it decreases with doping.

Traditional grids are designed for one-way power flow from large plants to homes; reverse flow can cause safety and stability issues.

Home solar panels are too heavy for the wires to support.

Solar energy is too powerful for the old copper wires.

The grid cannot handle the color of electricity from the sun.

Transformer

Zener Diode

Inductor

Rheostat