Acids and Bases - Types of Oxides

Basic Oxides: These are typically metallic oxides. They react with acids to form a salt and water. If they dissolve in water, they form alkaline solutions containing hydroxide ions ($OH^-$). Example: $Na_2O$ and $MgO$.

Acidic Oxides: These are typically non-metallic oxides. They react with bases to form salt and water. When dissolved in water, they produce acidic solutions containing hydrogen ions ($H^+$). Example: $SO_2$ and $CO_2$.

Amphoteric Oxides: These oxides exhibit both acidic and basic properties. They can react with both acids and strong bases to form salt and water. The most common examples are Aluminum oxide ($Al_2O_3$) and Zinc oxide ($ZnO$).

Neutral Oxides: These are non-metallic oxides that do not react with either acids or bases. They do not change the color of litmus paper. Examples include Carbon monoxide ($CO$), Nitric oxide ($NO$), and Nitrous oxide ($N_2O$).