Human Body Systems

In the stomach

In the mouth

In the esophagus

In the small intestine

Mouth

Esophagus

Small Intestine

Large Intestine

It disappears

It is turned into fat

It becomes solid waste

It is turned into blood

A large muscular pump

A long thin tube

A small sac-like organ

A hard bony structure

The kidneys to be turned into urine

The cells of the body for energy and growth

The large intestine to be turned into waste

The gallbladder for storage

No, because gravity is required to pull food down the throat

Yes, because peristalsis moves food regardless of gravity

No, because the stomach only opens when it feels the weight of food

Yes, because the air in the craft pushes the food down

Bone tissue

Nervous tissue

Muscle tissue

Fat tissue

The Soft Palate

The Epiglottis

The Tongue

The Pyloric Sphincter

To produce liquid waste that is easy to expel

To help the liver produce more bile

To conserve water for the body and solidify waste into feces

To ensure that the enzymes in the small intestine are not too diluted

It breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

It breaks down proteins into amino acids

It breaks down starch into glucose

It emulsifies large fat droplets into small ones

Blood hitting the lungs

The heart valves closing

Air moving through the veins

Food moving through the arteries

Freezing

Diffusion

Boiling

Melting

$O_2$

$CO_2$

$N_2$

$H_2$

Plasma

Hemoglobin

Glucose

Septum

Right Atrium

Right Ventricle

Left Atrium

Left Ventricle

It stops blood flow to the brain

It moves more blood to the skin's surface to release cold

It narrows blood vessels near the skin to reduce heat loss

It speeds up the pulse to create friction heat

It carries oxygen-rich blood to the brain

It carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs

It brings oxygenated blood back from the lungs

It is the main artery leaving the left ventricle

Carrying heat from the core of the body to the skin.

Carrying electrical impulses from the brain to the heart muscle.

Carrying hormones from the glands to the target organs.

Carrying glucose from the small intestine to the liver.

Atrioventricular valves open; semi-lunar valves close.

Atrioventricular valves close; semi-lunar valves open.

All four valves in the heart open to maximize flow.

All four valves in the heart close to build up maximum pressure.

An artery

A vein

The vena cava

The pulmonary vein

$O$

$O_2$

$CO_2$

$H_2O$

It increases

It decreases

It stays the same

It doubles

The heart

The lungs

The brain

The liver

Because the body needs it for energy

Because it is a waste product that can be harmful if it builds up

To help the plants grow only

Because it makes us feel stronger

Pleural membrane

Pericardium

Cell membrane

Diaphragm membrane

To provide extra oxygen to break down lactic acid (repaying oxygen debt)

To help the body cool down by losing heat through water vapor

To increase the amount of nitrogen in the blood for muscle repair

Because the diaphragm takes time to 'reset' to its resting position

Vital capacity

Tidal volume

Residual volume

Total lung capacity

It coats the alveoli and prevents gas exchange.

It is an addictive stimulant that increases heart rate and narrows blood vessels.

It causes the cilia to stop moving permanently.

It turns the lungs black and causes cancer.

Volume increases $\rightarrow$ Pressure increases $\rightarrow$ Air is pushed out.

Volume decreases $\rightarrow$ Pressure decreases $\rightarrow$ Air is sucked in.

Volume increases $\rightarrow$ Pressure decreases $\rightarrow$ Air is pushed in by atmospheric pressure.

Volume decreases $\rightarrow$ Pressure increases $\rightarrow$ Air is sucked in.

Because the lungs never stop moving air.

Because cells require a constant supply of energy (ATP) to maintain basic life functions like heartbeat and brain activity.

Because the body needs to get rid of nitrogen throughout the night.

Because sleeping uses more energy than sitting quietly.

Painkillers

Antibiotics

Alcohol

Cough syrup

The pulse rate decreases

The pulse rate increases

The pulse rate stops completely

The pulse rate stays the same

Butter

Lean meat and beans

Fruit juice

Sugar cubes

It provides energy for running

It helps clean the teeth

It helps food pass through the gut

It builds strong muscles

Substance X is a vitamin; it is produced from fatty foods

Substance X is an acid; it is produced from sugary foods

Substance X is an alkali; it is produced from protein-rich foods

Substance X is a mineral; it is produced from high-fiber foods

It makes you see better at night

It slows down your brain's ability to process information

It makes you more focused on the road

It decreases the distance needed to stop

Kilograms

Kilojoules

Kilometers

Kilovolts

Increased volume of the cerebral cortex

Permanent shrinkage of brain tissue and loss of neurons

Improved memory and cognitive function

Conversion of brain tissue into muscle

A disease caused by a viral infection

A disease caused by the lack of a specific essential nutrient in the diet

A disease caused by eating too much of a certain food group

A disease that is passed from parents to children through genes

Water-soluble vitamins are more toxic in small amounts

Excess fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body's fat and liver rather than being excreted

Fat-soluble vitamins turn into sugar if not used immediately

Water-soluble vitamins cannot be absorbed by the body at all