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Mindful Eating: A Pathway to Health - Balanced Diet and Deficiency Diseases

Grade 6CBSE

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

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A Balanced Diet is a diet that contains adequate amounts of all the necessary nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, along with sufficient roughage and water (H2OH_2O).

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Nutrients are the components of food that the body needs to survive and grow. These include Energy-giving foods (Carbohydrates and Fats), Body-building foods (Proteins), and Protective foods (Vitamins and Minerals like CaCa, FeFe, and II).

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Deficiency Diseases occur when the body does not receive a particular nutrient for a long period. For example, the lack of Vitamin CC results in Scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums.

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Vitamins are required in small quantities: Vitamin AA (eyesight), Vitamin B1B_1 (growth), Vitamin CC (immunity), and Vitamin DD (bone health).

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Minerals are essential for various body functions: Iron (FeFe) is required for hemoglobin formation, Iodine (II) for thyroid function, and Calcium (CaCa) for strong bones and teeth.

📐Formulae

Balanced Diet=Carbohydrates+Proteins+Fats+Vitamins+Minerals+Roughage+H2O\text{Balanced Diet} = \text{Carbohydrates} + \text{Proteins} + \text{Fats} + \text{Vitamins} + \text{Minerals} + \text{Roughage} + H_2O

Energy Yield: 1g Fat>1g Carbohydrate\text{Energy Yield: } 1\text{g Fat} > 1\text{g Carbohydrate}

Iron (Fe)+Proteins→Hemoglobin\text{Iron (Fe)} + \text{Proteins} \rightarrow \text{Hemoglobin}

Calcium (Ca)+Vitamin D→Strong Bones\text{Calcium (Ca)} + \text{Vitamin D} \rightarrow \text{Strong Bones}

💡Examples

Problem 1:

A child has bowed legs and weak bones. Which vitamin is likely deficient in their diet, and what is the disease called?

Solution:

Vitamin DD; the disease is Rickets.

Explanation:

Vitamin DD helps the body use Calcium (CaCa) for bones. Its deficiency leads to Rickets, where bones become soft and bent.

Problem 2:

If a person is suffering from Anemia, which mineral should they include more of in their diet?

Solution:

Iron (FeFe).

Explanation:

Anemia is caused by a deficiency of Iron (FeFe), which is essential for making hemoglobin in the blood to transport oxygen.

Problem 3:

Identify the nutrient deficiency: Symptoms include swelling in the neck (thyroid gland) and mental disability in children.

Solution:

Iodine (II); the disease is Goiter.

Explanation:

Iodine (II) is necessary for the thyroid gland to function correctly. Lack of it causes the gland to enlarge, a condition known as Goiter.