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A Journey through States of Water - How Do Clouds Give us Rain?

Grade 6CBSE

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

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Water exists in three physical states: Solid (ice), Liquid (water), and Gas (water vapor). These states are interconvertible by changing the temperature.

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Evaporation is the process of conversion of liquid water into water vapor upon heating. The Sun provides the heat required for evaporation from oceans, rivers, and lakes.

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Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through small pores in their leaves called stomata.

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Condensation occurs when water vapor rises into the atmosphere, cools down, and converts back into tiny liquid water droplets. These droplets collect around dust particles to form clouds.

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Precipitation happens when the water droplets in clouds become too large and heavy to remain suspended in the air. They fall to the Earth as rain, snow, or hail.

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The Water Cycle is the continuous movement of water from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back to the surface, ensuring a constant supply of fresh water.

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Groundwater is the water that seeps into the soil and collects above impervious rocks. It can be accessed through wells and hand pumps.

📐Formulae

H2O (Chemical formula for Water)H_{2}O \text{ (Chemical formula for Water)}

Solid (Ice)→HeatLiquid (Water)→HeatGas (Vapor)\text{Solid (Ice)} \xrightarrow{\text{Heat}} \text{Liquid (Water)} \xrightarrow{\text{Heat}} \text{Gas (Vapor)}

Gas (Vapor)→CoolLiquid (Water)→CoolSolid (Ice)\text{Gas (Vapor)} \xrightarrow{\text{Cool}} \text{Liquid (Water)} \xrightarrow{\text{Cool}} \text{Solid (Ice)}

Tfreezing=0∘CT_{freezing} = 0^\circ C

Tboiling=100∘CT_{boiling} = 100^\circ C

💡Examples

Problem 1:

During a science experiment, a student measures that 2500 ml2500 \text{ ml} of water was kept in a tray. After 55 hours in the sun, 475 ml475 \text{ ml} of water evaporated. How much water is left in the tray?

Solution:

2500−4752025\begin{array}{r} 2500 \\ - 475 \\ \hline 2025 \end{array}

Explanation:

To find the remaining water, we subtract the volume of evaporated water from the initial volume. The remaining water in the tray is 2025 ml2025 \text{ ml}.

Problem 2:

If a small pond loses 120 L120 \text{ L} of water per day due to evaporation and 30 L30 \text{ L} due to transpiration from surrounding plants, what is the total water loss in one day?

Solution:

120+30150\begin{array}{r} 120 \\ + 30 \\ \hline 150 \end{array}

Explanation:

The total loss is the sum of evaporation and transpiration. The total water lost to the atmosphere is 150 L150 \text{ L} per day.

Problem 3:

At what temperature does liquid water turn into ice, and what is this process called?

Solution:

0∘C0^\circ C

Explanation:

Liquid water turns into solid ice at 0∘C0^\circ C. This process is known as freezing or solidification.