Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.
🔑Concepts
Natural Disasters: Sudden events like earthquakes, floods, and cyclones that cause widespread destruction to life and property.
Earthquake: A sudden shaking of the Earth's surface caused by movements deep inside the Earth's crust. The intensity is measured on the Richter scale using an instrument called a Seismograph.
Floods: Occur when water overflows onto land that is usually dry, often due to heavy rainfall. This can lead to water-borne diseases like Cholera and Typhoid.
Cyclones: Violent storms characterized by very high-speed winds and heavy rain, usually occurring in coastal areas.
Tsunami: Giant sea waves caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
Drought: A long period of little or no rainfall, leading to a severe shortage of water and food (famine).
Emergency Preparedness: Keeping an emergency kit ready containing , non-perishable food, a flashlight, and basic medical supplies.
First Aid: The immediate medical assistance given to an injured person before professional help arrives. For example, applying an antiseptic like (Hydrogen Peroxide) to a wound.
Fractures: A break or crack in a bone. The key is to keep the limb still using a splint or a sling.
Burns: For minor burns, the area should be kept under cold running water () until the pain subsides.
📐Formulae
💡Examples
Problem 1:
During a severe flood, a village faces a shortage of clean drinking water and people are getting dehydrated. How can they prepare a simple rehydration solution at home?
Solution:
They can prepare ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) using available household items.
Explanation:
Dissolve teaspoons of sugar and teaspoon of salt in liter of clean . This solution helps restore electrolytes and fluids lost by the body.
Problem 2:
An earthquake of magnitude occurs. How would this be classified on the Richter Scale, and what is the safest immediate action to take if you are indoors?
Solution:
Classification: Major/Severe earthquake. Action: Drop, Cover, and Hold on.
Explanation:
Any earthquake where is considered major. If indoors, one should crawl under a sturdy table (Drop and Cover) and hold onto its leg (Hold on) to protect against falling objects.
Problem 3:
A person suffers a nosebleed. What are the correct first aid steps to stop the bleeding?
Solution:
Lean forward, pinch the soft part of the nose, and apply ice.
Explanation:
The person should sit up and lean slightly forward so the blood does not go down the throat. Pinch the nose for minutes and apply an ice pack () to the bridge of the nose to constrict blood vessels.