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Clothes—How Things are Made - Crafting with Needle and Thread

Grade 5CBSE

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

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Fibers are the basic building blocks of all clothes. They are thin, hair-like strands obtained from either natural sources (plants and animals) or synthetic sources (chemicals).

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Natural fibers include Cotton (GossypiumGossypium), Jute, Wool, and Silk. Synthetic fibers include Nylon, Polyester, and Acrylic.

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Spinning is the process of changing fiber into yarn. In India, the 'Charkha' was a popular hand-operated tool used for spinning cotton yarn.

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Weaving is the process of arranging two sets of yarn together at right angles to make a fabric. This is done on machines called 'Looms'.

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Knitting is a method where a single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric by forming interlocking loops with the help of needles or machines.

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Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread. Historically, needles were made of bone or wood, but modern needles are made of high-carbon steel.

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The basic parts of a sewing needle include the 'Point' (sharp end), the 'Eye' (the hole for the thread), and the 'Shank'.

📐Formulae

Fabric Area=Length×WidthFabric\ Area = Length \times Width

Fiber→SpinningYarn→Weaving/KnittingFabric→SewingGarmentFiber \xrightarrow{Spinning} Yarn \xrightarrow{Weaving/Knitting} Fabric \xrightarrow{Sewing} Garment

Stitches Per Inch (SPI)=Total number of stitchesLength of seam in inchesStitches\ Per\ Inch\ (SPI) = \frac{\text{Total number of stitches}}{\text{Length of seam in inches}}

💡Examples

Problem 1:

A tailor is stitching a school uniform. He uses 2.75 m2.75\text{ m} of cloth for the shirt and 1.50 m1.50\text{ m} for the trousers. Calculate the total length of cloth used using vertical addition.

Solution:

2.75+1.504.25\begin{array}{r} 2.75 \\ + 1.50 \\ \hline 4.25 \end{array}

Explanation:

To find the total length, we add the cloth required for the shirt and the trousers. The total fabric required is 4.25 m4.25\text{ m}.

Problem 2:

If a rectangular piece of silk fabric has a length of 5 m5\text{ m} and a width of 1.2 m1.2\text{ m}, what is the total area of the fabric?

Solution:

Area=5 m×1.2 m=6.0 m2Area = 5\text{ m} \times 1.2\text{ m} = 6.0\text{ m}^2

Explanation:

Using the formula Area=Length×WidthArea = Length \times Width, we multiply 55 by 1.21.2 to get 66 square meters.

Problem 3:

A weaver completes a seam that is 1010 inches long. If the total number of stitches in that seam is 120120, calculate the Stitches Per Inch (SPISPI).

Solution:

SPI=12010=12 stitches per inchSPI = \frac{120}{10} = 12\text{ stitches per inch}

Explanation:

By dividing the total number of stitches by the length of the fabric in inches, we determine the density of the stitching.