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Plants are living things - Plant parts

Grade 3Cambridge (IGCSE)

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

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Plants are living things because they grow, reproduce, and respond to their environment. To stay healthy, they need H2OH_{2}O, sunlight, and air.

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Roots: These are usually underground. They anchor the plant in the soil so it does not blow away and absorb water and minerals.

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Stem: This part supports the plant and holds it upright. It acts like a straw, carrying water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves through tiny tubes.

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Leaves: Leaves are the 'food factories' of the plant. They use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create food for the plant to grow.

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Flowers: These are the reproductive parts of the plant. They are often brightly colored to attract insects and eventually produce seeds and fruit.

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Life Cycle: Plants start as seeds, germinate into seedlings, grow into mature plants, and produce new seeds.

📐Formulae

Sunlight+Water+Air (Carbon Dioxide)→Food (Sugar)+Oxygen\text{Sunlight} + \text{Water} + \text{Air (Carbon Dioxide)} \rightarrow \text{Food (Sugar)} + \text{Oxygen}

Health of Plant∝Availability of (H2O+Light+Nutrients)\text{Health of Plant} \propto \text{Availability of } (H_{2}O + \text{Light} + \text{Nutrients})

💡Examples

Problem 1:

A scientist removes all the leaves from a small rose bush. What will most likely happen to the plant?

Solution:

The plant will stop growing and may eventually die.

Explanation:

The leaves are responsible for making food using sunlight. Without leaves, the plant cannot produce the energy it needs to live and grow.

Problem 2:

Match the plant part to its primary function:

  1. Roots
  2. Stem
  3. Flower

Solution:

1 →\rightarrow Absorption and Anchoring; 2 →\rightarrow Support and Transport; 3 →\rightarrow Making Seeds.

Explanation:

Roots soak up H2OH_{2}O, the stem moves that H2OH_{2}O to the rest of the plant, and flowers help the plant reproduce.

Problem 3:

Why do roots have many tiny hairs on them?

Solution:

To increase the surface area for water absorption.

Explanation:

The more root hairs a plant has, the more H2OH_{2}O it can take in from the soil at one time.