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Prime Time - Divisibility Tests

Grade 6CBSE

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

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Divisibility tests are shorthand methods to determine if a given number is divisible by a fixed divisor without performing the full long division.

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A number nn is divisible by another number dd if the remainder of the division nd\frac{n}{d} is 00.

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These tests are extremely useful in finding prime factors of numbers, simplifying fractions, and solving problems involving multiples.

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Divisibility by 2,5,2, 5, and 1010 depends only on the last digit(s) of the number.

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Divisibility by 33 and 99 depends on the sum of all digits in the number.

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Divisibility by 44 and 88 depends on the last two and last three digits respectively.

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Divisibility by 66 requires the number to satisfy the rules for both 22 and 33.

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Divisibility by 1111 involves the alternating sum/difference of the digits.

📐Formulae

Divisibility by 2: Last digit is 0,2,4,6, or 8\text{Divisibility by 2: Last digit is } 0, 2, 4, 6, \text{ or } 8

Divisibility by 3: ∑digits is divisible by 3\text{Divisibility by 3: } \sum \text{digits} \text{ is divisible by } 3

Divisibility by 4: Number formed by last 2 digits is divisible by 4\text{Divisibility by 4: Number formed by last 2 digits is divisible by } 4

Divisibility by 5: Last digit is 0 or 5\text{Divisibility by 5: Last digit is } 0 \text{ or } 5

Divisibility by 6: Number is even AND ∑digits is divisible by 3\text{Divisibility by 6: Number is even AND } \sum \text{digits} \text{ is divisible by } 3

Divisibility by 8: Number formed by last 3 digits is divisible by 8\text{Divisibility by 8: Number formed by last 3 digits is divisible by } 8

Divisibility by 9: ∑digits is divisible by 9\text{Divisibility by 9: } \sum \text{digits} \text{ is divisible by } 9

Divisibility by 10: Last digit is 0\text{Divisibility by 10: Last digit is } 0

Divisibility by 11: ∣(Sum of digits at odd places)−(Sum of digits at even places)∣=0 or multiple of 11\text{Divisibility by 11: } |(\text{Sum of digits at odd places}) - (\text{Sum of digits at even places})| = 0 \text{ or multiple of } 11

💡Examples

Problem 1:

Check if the number 72487248 is divisible by 44 and 88.

Solution:

For divisibility by 44: Last two digits are 4848. Since 48=4×1248 = 4 \times 12, it is divisible by 44. For divisibility by 88: Last three digits are 248248. Since 248=8×31248 = 8 \times 31, it is divisible by 88.

Explanation:

To check divisibility by 44, we look at the last two digits. To check divisibility by 88, we look at the last three digits.

Problem 2:

Determine if 13311331 is divisible by 1111.

Solution:

Digits at odd places (from right): 1,3⇒Sum=1+3=4\text{Digits at odd places (from right): } 1, 3 \Rightarrow \text{Sum} = 1 + 3 = 4 Digits at even places (from right): 3,1⇒Sum=3+1=4\text{Digits at even places (from right): } 3, 1 \Rightarrow \text{Sum} = 3 + 1 = 4 Difference=∣4−4∣=0\text{Difference} = |4 - 4| = 0

Explanation:

Since the difference between the sum of digits at odd places and even places is 00, the number 13311331 is divisible by 1111.

Problem 3:

Is the number 927927 divisible by 33 and 99?

Solution:

Sum of digits=9+2+7=18\text{Sum of digits} = 9 + 2 + 7 = 18 Since 1818 is a multiple of 33 (3×6=183 \times 6 = 18), it is divisible by 33. Since 1818 is a multiple of 99 (9×2=189 \times 2 = 18), it is also divisible by 99.

Explanation:

If the sum of digits is divisible by 33, the number is divisible by 33. If the sum is divisible by 99, the number is divisible by 99.

Problem 4:

Check the divisibility of 432432 by 66.

Solution:

  1. Last digit is 22, which is even. So, 432432 is divisible by 22.
  2. Sum of digits: 4+3+2=94 + 3 + 2 = 9. Since 99 is divisible by 33, 432432 is divisible by 33.

Explanation:

Because 432432 is divisible by both 22 and 33, it is divisible by 66.