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Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Each subtopic includes About section, revision page link, 10 preview questions, and practice CTAs.

Structure of DNA and RNA

Subtopic

Structure of DNA and RNA under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    The chemical linkage that connects the 1′1' carbon of a pentose sugar to a nitrogenous base is called:

    A.

    Phosphodiester linkage

    B.

    Hydrogen bond

    C.

    NN-glycosidic linkage

    D.

    Peptide bond

  2. 2.

    If a double-stranded DNA has 20% Cytosine, what will be the percentage of Adenine in it according to Chargaff's rule?

    A.

    20%

    B.

    40%

    C.

    30%

    D.

    60%

  3. 3.

    In a DNA molecule, the purines are always paired with pyrimidines. Which of the following pairs is correct?

    A.

    Adenine and Guanine

    B.

    Adenine and Thymine

    C.

    Cytosine and Thymine

    D.

    Guanine and Adenine

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Structure of DNA and RNA to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

DNA Packaging

Subtopic

DNA Packaging under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    In a nucleus, the 'beads-on-a-string' structure observed under an electron microscope represents:

    A.

    Genes

    B.

    Chromosomes

    C.

    Nucleosomes

    D.

    Chromatids

  2. 2.

    A typical nucleosome contains how many base pairs of DNA helix?

    A.

    100100 bp

    B.

    200200 bp

    C.

    400400 bp

    D.

    6.6×1096.6 \times 10^{9} bp

  3. 3.

    The DNA molecule is wrapped around the histone octamer because:

    A.

    Both DNA and Histones are negatively charged

    B.

    DNA is positively charged and Histones are negatively charged

    C.

    Both DNA and Histones are positively charged

    D.

    DNA is negatively charged and Histones are positively charged

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - DNA Packaging to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

DNA Replication

Subtopic

DNA Replication under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    If the sequence of a segment of the template DNA strand is 3′3'-ATGCAT-5′5', what will be the sequence of the newly synthesized complementary strand?

    A.

    5′5'-TACGTA-3′3'

    B.

    3′3'-TACGTA-5′5'

    C.

    5′5'-UACGUA-3′3'

    D.

    5′5'-ATGCAT-3′3'

  2. 2.

    Meselson and Stahl used which heavy isotope to provide experimental evidence for the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication?

    A.

    14^{14}N

    B.

    15^{15}N

    C.

    32^{32}P

    D.

    35^{35}S

  3. 3.

    Which enzyme is responsible for joining the Okazaki fragments during the synthesis of the lagging strand?

    A.

    DNA Helicase

    B.

    DNA Polymerase I

    C.

    DNA Ligase

    D.

    RNA Primase

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - DNA Replication to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Transcription

Subtopic

Transcription under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    In prokaryotic organisms, how many different DNA-dependent RNA polymerases are required to transcribe mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA?

    A.

    Three

    B.

    Two

    C.

    Four

    D.

    One

  2. 2.

    What is the polarity of the 'Coding Strand' in a transcription unit?

    A.

    3′→5′3' \rightarrow 5'

    B.

    5′→3′5' \rightarrow 3'

    C.

    3′→3′3' \rightarrow 3'

    D.

    5′→5′5' \rightarrow 5'

  3. 3.

    The DNA sequence that serves as the binding site for RNA polymerase and defines which strand will act as the template is known as the:

    A.

    Terminator

    B.

    Structural Gene

    C.

    Promoter

    D.

    Capping region

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Transcription to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Genetic Code

Subtopic

Genetic Code under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    Out of the 64 possible codons in the genetic code, how many codons actually code for amino acids?

    A.

    64

    B.

    20

    C.

    61

    D.

    32

  2. 2.

    The property of the genetic code which states that 'some amino acids are coded by more than one codon' is known as:

    A.

    Degeneracy

    B.

    Unambiguity

    C.

    Universality

    D.

    Non-overlapping

  3. 3.

    Which of the following codons has a dual function, acting as both an initiator codon and coding for the amino acid Methionine?

    A.

    UAA

    B.

    AUG

    C.

    GUG

    D.

    UAG

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Genetic Code to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Translation

Subtopic

Translation under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    The UTRs (Untranslated Regions) in an mRNA molecule are located at:

    A.

    Only at the 5' end before the start codon

    B.

    Only at the 3' end after the stop codon

    C.

    Both 5' end before start codon and 3' end after stop codon

    D.

    In the middle of the structural gene

  2. 2.

    Which of the following molecules acts as an 'adapter' molecule that reads the genetic code and carries specific amino acids?

    A.

    rRNA

    B.

    mRNA

    C.

    snRNA

    D.

    tRNA

  3. 3.

    The cellular factory responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the information on mRNA is the:

    A.

    Nucleolus

    B.

    Lysosome

    C.

    Ribosome

    D.

    Mitochondria

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Translation to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Regulation of Gene Expression

Subtopic

Regulation of Gene Expression under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    In the laclac operon, the structural gene 'yy' codes for which specific enzyme?

    A.

    Transacetylase

    B.

    β\beta-galactosidase

    C.

    DNA Ligase

    D.

    Permease

  2. 2.

    The 'i' gene in the laclac operon is often referred to as the inhibitor gene. What is the product synthesized by this gene?

    A.

    β\beta-galactosidase

    B.

    Permease

    C.

    Repressor protein

    D.

    RNA polymerase

  3. 3.

    In the laclac operon of E. coli, which of the following molecules acts as the 'inducer'?

    A.

    Glucose

    B.

    Lactose

    C.

    Galactose

    D.

    Repressor protein

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Regulation of Gene Expression to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Human Genome Project (HGP)

Subtopic

Human Genome Project (HGP) under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    The total number of base pairs in the human genome is estimated to be approximately:

    A.

    3×1063 \times 10^{6} bp

    B.

    3×1093 \times 10^{9} bp

    C.

    6×1096 \times 10^{9} bp

    D.

    3×10123 \times 10^{12} bp

  2. 2.

    Which human chromosome was the last to be completely sequenced, with the process finishing only in May 2006?

    A.

    Chromosome X

    B.

    Chromosome Y

    C.

    Chromosome 21

    D.

    Chromosome 1

  3. 3.

    In the methodology of HGP, the approach that focuses on identifying all the genes that are expressed as RNA is referred to as:

    A.

    Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs)

    B.

    Sequence Annotation

    C.

    Bioinformatics

    D.

    Sanger Sequencing

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Human Genome Project (HGP) to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

DNA Fingerprinting

Subtopic

DNA Fingerprinting under Molecular Basis of Inheritance for Grade 12 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

  1. 1.

    During the Southern blotting procedure in DNADNA fingerprinting, the separated DNADNA fragments are transferred to a sheet of:

    A.

    Polyacrylamide gel

    B.

    Agarose gel

    C.

    Nitrocellulose or Nylon membrane

    D.

    Filter paper soaked in HClHCl

  2. 2.

    Identify the correct sequential order of steps involved in DNADNA fingerprinting as shown in the general process flow.

    A.

    Digestion → Isolation → Hybridization → Electrophoresis → Blotting

    B.

    Isolation → Electrophoresis → Digestion → Blotting → Autoradiography

    C.

    Isolation → Digestion → Electrophoresis → Blotting → Hybridization → Autoradiography

    D.

    Hybridization → Digestion → Electrophoresis → Isolation → Blotting

  3. 3.

    What is the full form of VNTRVNTR, which is used extensively in DNADNA profiling?

    A.

    Variable Number of Tandem Repeats

    B.

    Visual Nucleotide Template Regions

    C.

    Variety of Nuclear Tandem Records

    D.

    Variable Nitrogenous Template Residues

Download the worksheet for Molecular Basis of Inheritance - DNA Fingerprinting to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Class 12 Biology (CBSE) | Krit.club