Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Each subtopic includes About section, revision page link, 10 preview questions, and practice CTAs.
Biotechnology and yeast
SubtopicBiotechnology and yeast under Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering for Grade 11 IGCSE.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
Which of these is the stored form of carbohydrate found in yeast cells?
A.Starch
B.Glycogen
C.Cellulose
D.Sucrose
- 2.
Why is it important to sterilize a fermenter before starting a new batch?
A.To make the fermenter shiny
B.To kill any competing bacteria or fungi
C.To remove all traces of water
D.To increase the temperature
- 3.
What type of food molecule is ethanol, the product of yeast fermentation?
A.Carbohydrate
B.Alcohol
C.Protein
D.Fat
- 4.
Which of the following describes the role of enzymes in biotechnology?
A.They are consumed in the reaction
B.They act as biological catalysts
C.They are made of inorganic salts
D.They slow down chemical reactions
- 5.
Why is the use of microorganisms like yeast or bacteria in biotechnology considered beneficial for the environment in some cases?
A.They consume all the plastic waste in the fermenter
B.They can be used to produce products like biofuels which are more sustainable than fossil fuels
C.They release oxygen during the fermentation of sugar
D.They reduce the amount of water needed for industrial processes
- 6.
What is the purpose of the 'sparger' (a device with small holes at the bottom) in a fermenter used for aerobic processes?
A.To remove waste gases from the liquid
B.To break the incoming air into small bubbles to increase the surface area for oxygen dissolution
C.To add sugar to the bottom of the tank
D.To drain the final product once fermentation is complete
- 7.
Which of the following is true regarding the anaerobic respiration of yeast compared to aerobic respiration?
A.Anaerobic respiration produces more energy per glucose molecule
B.Anaerobic respiration produces ethanol and carbon dioxide as waste products
C.Anaerobic respiration requires a constant supply of oxygen
D.Anaerobic respiration only occurs in the mitochondria
- 8.
What is the biological reason why enzymes in 'cold-wash' detergents are sourced from microorganisms living in polar regions?
A.These enzymes have a higher activation energy, allowing them to work slowly over a long wash cycle.
B.The enzymes have evolved to maintain a flexible and functional active site at low temperatures.
C.These enzymes are naturally resistant to the bleaching agents found in cold-water detergents.
D.Microorganisms in polar regions produce enzymes that are larger and can trap more dirt.
- 9.
Which of the following is the most significant ethical concern specifically related to the use of genetic engineering in food production?
A.The high cost of the enzymes used in the process.
B.The possibility of introducing new allergens into food products that were previously safe.
C.The fact that fermentation produces , which is a greenhouse gas.
D.The use of yeast, which some people consider to be a sentient organism.
- 10.
In the production of bioethanol from corn, the corn is first treated with amylase enzymes. What is the purpose of this step?
A.To break down the cellulose in the cell walls into sucrose.
B.To hydrolyze the starch in the corn into fermentable sugars like maltose and glucose.
C.To kill any wild bacteria that might be present on the corn kernels.
D.To convert the ethanol produced by the yeast into a more concentrated form.
Download the worksheet for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering - Biotechnology and yeast to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.
Genetic engineering
SubtopicGenetic engineering under Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering for Grade 11 IGCSE.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
Which of the following is an example of a social concern regarding GM organisms?
A.Increased crop yields
B.Ownership of seeds by large corporations
C.Reduction in chemical use
D.Improved food quality
- 2.
In genetic engineering, the gene is 'isolated'. What does this mean?
A.The gene is destroyed
B.The gene is identified and removed from the original DNA
C.The gene is hidden from the bacteria
D.The gene is multiplied by ten
- 3.
How is the temperature usually controlled in large industrial fermenters?
A.By putting them in the sun
B.By using a cooling jacket with circulating water
C.By lighting a fire underneath
D.By adding ice cubes directly to the mixture
- 4.
Which of the following is a direct use of genetic engineering in medicine?
A.Bandaging a wound
B.Producing vaccines
C.Taking an aspirin
D.Using a thermometer
- 5.
In a genetic engineering experiment, a human gene is successfully inserted into a bacterium. The flowchart illustrates the subsequent production of a human protein. Which labels represent the molecules that are the direct products of transcription and translation within the bacterium?
A.I and II only
B.I and III only
C.II and III only
D.I, II, and III
- 6.
What is the ultimate goal of inserting a gene for a human protein into a bacterium?
A.To make the bacterium more like a human cell
B.To use the bacterium as a factory to mass-produce the human protein
C.To study how bacterial DNA evolves over time
D.To cure the bacterium of a genetic disease
- 7.
Which of the following best explains why the same genetic code is used in almost all organisms?
A.It allows genes to be transcribed and translated even when moved between species
B.It ensures that all organisms have the exact same number of chromosomes
C.It prevents different species from ever having similar proteins
D.It is the reason why all organisms look the same
- 8.
Which of the following sequences is most likely to be a recognition site for a restriction enzyme?
A.B.C.D. - 9.
A scientist is trying to create a GM plant that produces a vaccine. What is a major logistical advantage of 'edible vaccines' produced in crops like bananas?
A.They are automatically sterile and cannot spread in the environment.
B.They eliminate the need for refrigeration and sterile needles for administration.
C.They are guaranteed to have no side effects because they are 'natural'.
D.They work faster than traditional vaccines because they are digested.
- 10.
Which of the following best describes the 'Ti plasmid' in its natural state?
A.A plasmid used by humans to create drought-resistant crops.
B.A plasmid found in that causes gall tumors in plants.
C.A plasmid that gives bacteria resistance to titanium toxicity.
D.A plasmid used by viruses to inject their RNA into human white blood cells.
Download the worksheet for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering - Genetic engineering to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.