Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Each subtopic includes About section, revision page link, 10 preview questions, and practice CTAs.

Respiratory organs in animals

Subtopic

Respiratory organs in animals under Breathing and Exchange of Gases for Grade 11 CBSE.

Preview questions (no answers)

1.
$Which of the following helps in maintaining the moisture of the respiratory surface in terrestrial animals?$
A. $Exposure to direct sunlight$
B. $Mucus and internal location$
C. $Dry scales$
D. $Constant wind flow$
2.
$Identify the incorrect match.$
A. $Insect - Tracheal tubes$
B. $Earthworm - Moist cuticle$
C. $Fish - Lungs$
D. $Mammal - Lungs$
3.
$Which of these is a characteristic of pulmonary respiration?$
A. $It occurs through moist skin$
B. $It requires a system of tracheoles$
C. $It involves vascularized bags called lungs$
D. $It is found only in invertebrates$
4.
$O_2$
A. $Pressure gradient$
B. $Active pumping$
C. $Electrochemical gradient$
D. $Protein carriers$
5.
$A unique feature of the mammalian respiratory system compared to other vertebrates is the presence of:$
A. $A muscular diaphragm$
B. $Lungs$
C. $A trachea$
D. $Nostrils$
6.
$Which of the following is a primary reason why flatworms do not need a specialized respiratory system?$
A. $They have a very high metabolic rate.$
B. $They live in anaerobic environments only.$
C. $Their high surface area-to-volume ratio allows diffusion to meet all needs.$
D. $They use their digestive system for gas exchange.$
7.
$The respiratory pigment Hemoglobin is absent in the blood of which of the following animals?$
A. $Earthworm$
B. $Cockroach$
C. $Frog$
D. $Human$
8.
$How does the 'conducting part' of the human respiratory system protect the 'respiratory part'?$
A. $It performs the actual gas exchange so the alveoli don't have to.$
B. $It humidifies the air, clears it from foreign particles, and brings the air to body temperature.$
C. $It produces hemoglobin to bind with oxygen before it reaches the lungs.$
D. $It closes during exercise to prevent too much oxygen from entering the blood.$
9.
$In the branchial respiration of cartilaginous fish, what prevents the backflow of water into the pharynx from the gill slits?$
A. $The action of the primary lamellae acting as one-way valves.$
B. $The synchronization of the oral valve and the parabranchial chambers.$
C. $The constant forward motion of the fish (ram ventilation).$
D. $The presence of an operculum that seals the chamber.$
10.
$The 'Thoracic Chamber' in humans is closed dorsally by the _______ and ventrally by the _______.$
A. $Diaphragm; Ribs$
B. $Vertebral Column; Sternum$
C. $Sternum; Vertebral Column$
D. $Ribs; Diaphragm$

Download the worksheet for Breathing and Exchange of Gases - Respiratory organs in animals to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans

Subtopic

Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans under Breathing and Exchange of Gases for Grade 11 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

1.
$Activation of the chemosensitive area results in signals being sent to the rhythm center to:$
A. $Stop breathing$
B. $Make necessary adjustments in the respiratory process$
C. $Reduce heart rate$
D. $Lower the temperature$
2.
$Which of these is NOT a pulmonary volume?$
A. $Tidal Volume$
B. $Residual Volume$
C. $Vital Capacity$
D. $Blood Volume$
3.
$What is the simple definition of breathing?$
A. $O_{2}$
B. $O_{2}$
C. $Production of ATP in mitochondria$
D. $Transport of gases by blood$
4.
$The contraction of which muscle primarily changes the volume of the thoracic cavity in the antero-posterior axis?$
A. $Internal intercostal muscles$
B. $Diaphragm$
C. $Abdominal muscles$
D. $Sternocleidomastoid$
5.
$During the process of normal expiration, the intra-pulmonary pressure becomes roughly:$
A. $-2\ mmHg$
B. $+2\ mmHg$
C. $-760\ mmHg$
D. $Equal to zero relative to atmospheric pressure$
6.
$P_{CO2}$
A. $Pneumotaxic center$
B. $Respiratory rhythm center$
C. $Cerebral cortex$
D. $Aortic arch$
7.
$The movement of air into and out of the lungs is carried out by creating a pressure gradient between the:$
A. $Lungs and heart$
B. $Atmosphere and lungs$
C. $Alveoli and capillaries$
D. $Nasal cavity and trachea$
8.
$The 'Bucket-handle' and 'Pump-handle' movements refer to the movement of which anatomical structures during breathing?$
A. $The Alveoli and Bronchioles$
B. $The Ribs and Sternum$
C. $The Diaphragm and Abdominal wall$
D. $The Epiglottis and Larynx$
9.
$Which muscle group is inhibited during a normal, quiet inspiration?$
A. $Diaphragm$
B. $External intercostals$
C. $Internal intercostals$
D. $Scalene muscles$
10.
$What is the specific effect of 'Carbonic Anhydrase' in the context of respiratory regulation near the central chemoreceptors?$
A. $O_{2}$
B. $CO_{2}$
C. $CO_{2}$
D. $H^{+}$

Download the worksheet for Breathing and Exchange of Gases - Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration

Subtopic

Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration under Breathing and Exchange of Gases for Grade 11 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

1.
$The receptors in the aortic arch and carotid artery can send necessary signals for remedial actions to which center?$
A. $Pneumotaxic center$
B. $Respiratory rhythm center$
C. $Vaso-motor center$
D. $Cerebral cortex$
2.
$Which of the following conditions shift the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the left?$
A. $pCO_{2}$
B. $High temperature$
C. $pCO_{2}$
D. $H^{+}$
3.
$HCO_{3}^{-} + H^{+} \rightarrow H_{2}CO_{3} \rightarrow CO_{2} + H_{2}O$
A. $In the tissue cells$
B. $In the RBCs at the alveolar site$
C. $In the plasma at the tissue site$
D. $In the liver cells$
4.
$pCO_{2}$
A. $40\ mmHg$
B. $45\ mmHg$
C. $95\ mmHg$
D. $104\ mmHg$
5.
$pCO_{2}$
A. $It inhibits the respiratory rhythm center to slow down the breathing rate.$
B. $It sends signals to the diaphragm to stop contracting temporarily.$
C. $It activates the pneumotaxic center to increase the duration of inspiration.$
D. $CO_{2}$
6.
$CO_{2}$
A. $They diffuse out of the RBCs into the plasma in exchange for chloride ions.$
B. $They remain inside the RBCs and bind to the iron in hemoglobin.$
C. $They are immediately converted into carbon monoxide to increase transport speed.$
D. $They are actively transported into the mitochondria of the RBCs for storage.$
7.
$pO_{2}$
A. $pO_{2} = 40$
B. $pO_{2} = 95$
C. $pO_{2} = 104$
D. $pO_{2} = 40$
8.
$Consider the following components of the respiratory regulation system. Which of them is primarily responsible for the voluntary control of breathing, such as holding one's breath?$
A. $Medullary rhythmicity center$
B. $Pneumotaxic center in the pons$
C. $Cerebral cortex$
D. $Chemosensitive area$
9.
$The 'Chloride Shift' is also known as:$
A. $Haldane Phenomenon$
B. $Bohr Phenomenon$
C. $Hamburger Phenomenon$
D. $Hering-Breuer Phenomenon$
10.
$What is the state of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles when the pneumotaxic center sends a strong signal?$
A. $They contract more forcefully to increase tidal volume.$
B. $They transition from contraction to relaxation more quickly.$
C. $They remain in a state of tetany to maximize gas exchange.$
D. $They are inhibited from any movement, causing apnea.$

Download the worksheet for Breathing and Exchange of Gases - Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Respiratory volumes

Subtopic

Respiratory volumes under Breathing and Exchange of Gases for Grade 11 CBSE.

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Preview questions (no answers)

1.
$Which of the following formulas correctly describes Vital Capacity?$
A. $VC = IC + ERV$
B. $VC = EC + IRV$
C. $VC = TLC - RV$
D. $All of the above$
2.
$TV = 500$
A. $1500 mL$
B. $500 mL$
C. $1000 mL$
D. $2500 mL$
3.
$The total volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration is:$
A. $Total Lung Capacity$
B. $Inspiratory Capacity$
C. $Vital Capacity$
D. $Functional Residual Capacity$
4.
$Which capacity includes the Residual Volume?$
A. $Inspiratory Capacity$
B. $Expiratory Capacity$
C. $Vital Capacity$
D. $Functional Residual Capacity$
5.
$Which of the following describes the volume of air that can be breathed out by maximum expiration after a maximum inspiration?$
A. $Expiratory Capacity$
B. $Vital Capacity$
C. $Total Lung Capacity$
D. $Inspiratory Capacity$
6.
$TV$
A. $Vital Capacity$
B. $Total Lung Capacity$
C. $Functional Residual Capacity$
D. $Inspiratory Capacity$
7.
$What is the physiological significance of Functional Residual Capacity?$
A. $It allows continuous gas exchange between breaths.$
B. $It represents the maximum air that can be exhaled.$
C. $It is the volume used during heavy exercise only.$
D. $It is the volume of air in the conducting zone.$
8.
$RV$
A. $5500\text{ mL}$
B. $4300\text{ mL}$
C. $5800\text{ mL}$
D. $4200\text{ mL}$
9.
$500\text{ mL}$
A. $4100\text{ mL}$
B. $3600\text{ mL}$
C. $3000\text{ mL}$
D. $1600\text{ mL}$
10.
$VC = 4800\text{ mL}$
A. $3600\text{ mL}$
B. $4100\text{ mL}$
C. $3100\text{ mL}$
D. $2900\text{ mL}$

Download the worksheet for Breathing and Exchange of Gases - Respiratory volumes to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Disorders (Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders)

Subtopic

Disorders (Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders) under Breathing and Exchange of Gases for Grade 11 CBSE.

About Topic & Revision

Preview questions (no answers)

1.
$Why are occupational respiratory disorders common in stone-grinding industries?$
A. $Because workers do not drink enough water$
B. $Because workers are exposed to massive amounts of dust$
C. $Because the work environment is very cold$
D. $Because of heavy manual labor$
2.
$Emphysema is considered a 'chronic' disorder because:$
A. $It lasts for a short duration$
B. $It is caused by a virus$
C. $It persists over a long period$
D. $It can be cured in a few days$
3.
$Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of asthma due to the narrowed bronchioles?$
A. $Severe chest bleeding$
B. $Wheezing$
C. $Loss of appetite$
D. $Fever$
4.
$Asbestosis occurs when a person inhales fibers of which mineral?$
A. $Quartz$
B. $Asbestos$
C. $Mica$
D. $Coal$
5.
$Match the pathological condition with its primary physiological impact:$
A. $Asthma: Destruction of alveolar walls$
B. $Emphysema: Fibrosis of the lungs$
C. $Occupational Disorders: Inflammation of bronchioles$
D. $Emphysema: Decrease in respiratory surface area$
6.
$The long-term exposure to which of these leads to 'Asbestosis'?$
A. $Fine coal dust$
B. $Cotton fibers$
C. $Asbestos fibers$
D. $Silica particles$
7.
$Which of the following would be an incorrect observation in a patient with Emphysema?$
A. $Reduced surface area for gas exchange$
B. $Increased compliance (lungs easy to inflate but hard to deflate)$
C. $Inflammation of the bronchioles as the primary cause$
D. $History of heavy cigarette smoking$
8.
$Which of the following is a long-term strategy to prevent Occupational Respiratory Disorders in a hazardous work environment?$
A. $Taking vitamin C supplements daily$
B. $Using effective ventilation systems and personal protective equipment (PPE)$
C. $Increasing the number of hours worked per shift$
D. $Drinking more water during the workday$
9.
$Why is the fibrosis associated with occupational lung diseases considered 'restrictive' in nature?$
A. $It restricts the blood flow to the brain$
B. $It restricts the expansion (compliance) of the lungs during inspiration$
C. $It restricts the production of mucus in the bronchi$
D. $It restricts the movement of the vocal cords$
10.
$What is the primary cellular source of the histamine released during an allergic asthma reaction in the lungs?$
A. $Neutrophils$
B. $Mast Cells$
C. $Lymphocytes$
D. $Erythrocytes$

Download the worksheet for Breathing and Exchange of Gases - Disorders (Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders) to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Respiratory organs in animals

❓Preview questions (no answers)

Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans

❓Preview questions (no answers)

Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration

❓Preview questions (no answers)

Respiratory volumes

❓Preview questions (no answers)

Disorders (Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders)

❓Preview questions (no answers)

Preview questions (no answers)

Preview questions (no answers)

Preview questions (no answers)

Preview questions (no answers)

Preview questions (no answers)