Physics - Forces and Motion

Distance is a scalar quantity representing the total path length, while displacement is a vector quantity representing the change in position in a specific direction.

Speed is defined as the distance traveled per unit of time ($v = \frac{d}{t}$) and is measured in $m/s$.

Velocity is speed in a specified direction. It changes if either the speed or the direction of motion changes.

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time, measured in $m/s^2$. It is calculated using $a = \frac{v - u}{t}$.

A force is a push or a pull acting upon an object resulting from its interaction with another object. Forces are measured in Newtons ($N$).

Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the resultant force and inversely proportional to its mass: $F = m \times a$.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object (measured in $kg$), whereas weight is the force of gravity acting on that mass ($W = m \times g$).

Friction is a force that opposes the motion of an object. It always acts in the opposite direction to the direction of motion.

Balanced forces result in a zero resultant force, meaning an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion continues at a constant velocity.