Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.
🔑Concepts
The flower is the reproductive organ of a plant, responsible for producing seeds and fruits.
Sepals (Calyx): These are the outermost green leaf-like structures that protect the flower in its bud stage.
Petals (Corolla): Usually brightly colored and scented to attract insects and birds for the process of pollination.
Stamen (Androecium): The male reproductive part of the flower. It consists of the (which contains pollen grains) and the (the stalk supporting the anther).
Pistil or Carpel (Gynoecium): The female reproductive part. It consists of three parts: the (receptive tip), the (elongated tube), and the (swollen base containing ovules).
Pollination: The process of transfer of pollen grains from the to the . This can be Self-pollination (within the same flower) or Cross-pollination (between different flowers).
Fertilization: After pollination, the male gamete from the pollen grain fuses with the female gamete (egg) inside the ovule to form a zygote.
Post-fertilization changes: The develops into a fruit, while the develop into seeds.
📐Formulae
💡Examples
Problem 1:
Identify the male and female reproductive parts in a Hibiscus flower.
Solution:
Male part: ; Female part: .
Explanation:
In a Hibiscus flower, the long tube-like structure holds several (male) and ends in a five-lobed (female).
Problem 2:
Differentiate between a Unisexual and a Bisexual flower.
Solution:
Unisexual flowers contain either only or only . Bisexual flowers contain both and .
Explanation:
Papaya is an example of a unisexual flower, whereas Rose and Lily are bisexual flowers as they possess both male and female reproductive organs in the same flower.
Problem 3:
What happens to the after successful fertilization?
Solution:
The grows in size and ripens to become the fruit.
Explanation:
Once the male gamete fuses with the egg in the ovule, the surrounding ovary wall thickens and matures into the fleshy or dry fruit we consume.