Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.
🔑Concepts
The Water Cycle is the continuous movement of through the Earth and its atmosphere involving changes in state.
Evaporation: This is the process where liquid gains thermal energy (heat) and changes into a gas called water vapor. It occurs faster when the temperature increases.
Condensation: This is the process where water vapor (gas) loses heat energy and changes back into liquid . In the atmosphere, this leads to the formation of clouds.
The Sun is the primary energy source that drives the cycle by providing the heat necessary for evaporation.
Transpiration: A specific type of evaporation where is released from the leaves of plants into the atmosphere as gas.
Precipitation: When droplets in clouds become too heavy, they fall back to Earth as rain, snow, or hail.
📐Formulae
💡Examples
Problem 1:
Explain why a wet cloth dries faster on a sunny day than on a cloudy day using the concept of states.
Solution:
The cloth dries faster due to an increased rate of evaporation.
Explanation:
On a sunny day, the thermal energy from the Sun is higher. This heat energy is absorbed by the liquid in the cloth, allowing the molecules to move faster and transition into the gas state (water vapor) more quickly.
Problem 2:
You notice small droplets of forming on the inside of a window on a cold morning. Identify the process and the energy change involved.
Solution:
The process is Condensation.
Explanation:
Warm water vapor inside the house hits the cold surface of the glass window. The gas loses heat energy to the cold glass, causing the molecules to slow down and cluster together, changing back into liquid droplets.
Problem 3:
In an experiment, of is boiled. What happens to the mass of the liquid in the beaker?
Solution:
The mass of the liquid decreases.
Explanation:
As heat is applied, the reaches its boiling point and undergoes a state change from liquid to gas (). The water vapor escapes into the air, leaving less liquid in the beaker.