The Amazing World of Solutes, Solvents, and Solutions - Solubility: Soluble and Insoluble Substances
Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.
🔑Concepts
A solute is a substance that dissolves in a liquid to form a solution. Examples include sugar and salt.
A solvent is the substance (usually a liquid) in which the solute dissolves. Water () is the most common solvent.
A solution is the uniform mixture formed when a solute is completely dissolved in a solvent.
Soluble substances are materials that dissolve completely in a liquid. For example, sugar is soluble in .
Insoluble substances are materials that do not dissolve in a liquid even after stirring. For example, sand and sawdust are insoluble in .
Water is often called the Universal Solvent because it has the ability to dissolve a wide variety of substances compared to any other liquid.
A saturated solution is a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.
📐Formulae
💡Examples
Problem 1:
If you mix of salt (solute) into of water (solvent), what will be the final mass of the salt solution?
Solution:
Explanation:
According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the solution is the sum of the mass of the solute and the mass of the solvent.
Problem 2:
Classify the following as Soluble or Insoluble in : (a) Chalk Powder, (b) Potassium Permanganate, (c) Sand, (d) Honey.
Solution:
(a) Insoluble, (b) Soluble, (c) Insoluble, (d) Soluble
Explanation:
Soluble substances like Potassium Permanganate and Honey disappear into the water to form a clear mixture, while insoluble substances like Chalk Powder and Sand settle down or remain visible.
Problem 3:
What happens to the solubility of sugar in water if we increase the temperature of the ?
Solution:
The solubility increases.
Explanation:
Increasing the temperature provides more energy to the solvent molecules, allowing them to break down the solute particles faster and hold more solute, thus making it easier to dissolve more sugar.