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Health and Disease Control - Life Cycle of a Mosquito

Grade 5CBSE

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

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A mosquito undergoes a process called complete metamorphosis, which consists of 44 distinct stages: Egg, Larva, Pupa, and Adult.

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Mosquitoes are known as 'vectors' because they carry disease-causing microorganisms (pathogens) from an infected person to a healthy person. For example, the female Anopheles mosquito carries the parasite PlasmodiumPlasmodium which causes Malaria.

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The first three stages of the mosquito life cycle—Egg, Larva, and Pupa—take place in stagnant H2OH_2O (water). This is why preventing water stagnation is the most effective way to control mosquito populations.

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The Larva stage is also called a 'wriggler'. It feeds on organic matter in the water and breathes through a tube at the water's surface, requiring a constant supply of O2O_2.

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The Pupa stage is a non-feeding stage, often called a 'tumbler'. This is where the mosquito transforms into an adult.

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Disease control methods include using mosquito nets, wearing long-sleeved clothes, and using biological controls like GambusiaGambusia fish that eat mosquito larvae.

📐Formulae

Life Cycle: Egg→Larva→Pupa→Adult\text{Life Cycle: } Egg \rightarrow Larva \rightarrow Pupa \rightarrow Adult

Stagnant H2O+Warmth=Breeding Ground\text{Stagnant } H_2O + \text{Warmth} = \text{Breeding Ground}

Prevention=Source Reduction+Protection from Bites\text{Prevention} = \text{Source Reduction} + \text{Protection from Bites}

💡Examples

Problem 1:

Why is it recommended to pour a layer of kerosene or oil over stagnant pools of H2OH_2O to prevent the spread of diseases like Malaria?

Solution:

Pouring oil creates a thin film on the surface of the H2OH_2O, which cuts off the supply of atmospheric O2O_2 to the mosquito larvae and pupae.

Explanation:

Since mosquito larvae breathe oxygen from the air through respiratory tubes, the oil layer acts as a barrier. Without O2O_2, the larvae cannot survive and die before reaching the adult stage.

Problem 2:

Identify the vector and the causative agent for the disease Malaria.

Solution:

Vector: Female Anopheles Mosquito; Causative Agent: PlasmodiumPlasmodium (a protozoan parasite).

Explanation:

The mosquito itself does not cause the disease; it acts as a carrier (vector) that transfers the PlasmodiumPlasmodium parasite into the human bloodstream during a bite.