Chemistry
Each subtopic includes About section, revision page link, 10 preview questions, and practice CTAs.
States of matter: Solids, liquids, and gases
SubtopicStates of matter: Solids, liquids, and gases under Chemistry for Grade 4 IGCSE.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
Which of these is a solid used to build houses?
A.Concrete
B.Water
C.Air
D.Natural gas
- 2.
What state of matter is the gasoline used to power an engine?
A.Solid
B.Liquid
C.Gas
D.Ice
- 3.
If you put a solid book into a large circular bin, what happens to the shape of the book?
A.It becomes circular
B.It stays the same
C.It flows to the edges
D.It turns into a gas
- 4.
Which of these is an example of a gas?
A.Steam
B.Rain
C.Snow
D.Ice
- 5.
A student weighs a deflated balloon. Then, they blow air into the balloon and weigh it again on a very sensitive scale. Which statement best explains the result shown in the diagram?
A.The balloon's mass increased because the gas particles added to it have their own mass.
B.The balloon's mass decreased because air is lighter than the balloon material.
C.The mass stayed exactly the same because gases do not have any mass.
D.The balloon's mass increased because the air inside turned into a liquid to fit.
- 6.
A student uses three identical syringes to test how different materials can be squashed. Syringe 1 contains sand (solid), Syringe 2 contains water (liquid), and Syringe 3 contains air (gas). When the student pushes the plungers with the same force, which result will they observe?
A.Syringe 1 will be the easiest to squash because sand flows like a liquid.
B.Syringe 2 will be the easiest to squash because liquid particles are far apart.
C.Syringe 3 will be the easiest to squash because there is a lot of space between gas particles.
D.All three syringes will squash by the same amount because they are the same size.
- 7.
What is the scientific term for a substance changing from a liquid to a solid?
A.Freezing
B.Condensing
C.Melting
D.Evaporating
- 8.
A puddle of water on a sidewalk gradually disappears on a cool day, even though the temperature of the water never reaches boiling point. Which statement best explains this evaporation at the particle level?
A.The air particles above the puddle pull the water particles upward into the sky.
B.The water particles shrink in size until they are small enough to be absorbed by the air.
C.Every particle in the puddle gains enough energy to turn into a gas at the exact same time.
D.Particles at the surface with the most kinetic energy break away from the attraction of others to become a gas.
- 9.
If you compress a gas into a very small space, what happens to the number of particles?
A.The number of particles increases.
B.The number of particles decreases.
C.The number of particles stays the same.
D.The particles merge to form one giant particle.
- 10.
What is the name of the process when a liquid changes into a gas at its boiling point?
A.Melting
B.Freezing
C.Boiling
D.Condensation
Download the worksheet for Chemistry - States of matter: Solids, liquids, and gases to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.
Properties of materials (hard, flexible, waterproof, etc.)
SubtopicProperties of materials (hard, flexible, waterproof, etc.) under Chemistry for Grade 4 IGCSE.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
A material that can be hammered into a thin sheet without breaking is:
A.Malleable
B.Brittle
C.Transparent
D.Absorbent
- 2.
Which of these is a common use for a material that is 'transparent'?
A.A brick wall
B.A window
C.A wooden door
D.A heavy curtain
- 3.
Why is steel often used to make the frame of a bicycle?
A.It is very light and soft
B.It is strong and rigid
C.It is transparent
D.It is absorbent
- 4.
Which property would be most useful for a material used to make a kitchen floor?
A.Being very absorbent
B.Being hard-wearing and easy to clean
C.Being brittle
D.Being transparent
- 5.
A student is testing materials to find the best one for making a lightweight, foldable raincoat. They use the flowchart below to group their materials based on their properties. Which group contains the most suitable material for the raincoat?
A.Group A
B.Group B
C.Group C
D.Group D
- 6.
A student has four materials: Wood, Iron, Plastic, and Glass. Which one is most likely to be attracted to a magnet?
A.Wood
B.Iron
C.Plastic
D.Glass
- 7.
Why is iron a better material than gold for making a frying pan?
A.Gold is harder than iron
B.Iron has a much higher melting point and is more durable for cooking
C.Iron is more expensive
D.Gold is magnetic
- 8.
A material is 'translucent.' Which of the following best describes how it interacts with light?
A.It reflects all light like a mirror
B.It lets all light through clearly
C.It lets some light through but scatters it so you cannot see clearly
D.It blocks all light completely
- 9.
When comparing a sponge and a brick of the same size, the sponge is much lighter. This is because the sponge has:
A.Lower density and higher porosity
B.Higher density and lower porosity
C.Higher mass and lower volume
D.Greater magnetism
- 10.
Why is tungsten used for the filaments in old-fashioned incandescent light bulbs?
A.It is the best conductor of electricity
B.It has an extremely high melting point and can glow without melting
C.It is very cheap and easy to find
D.It is a gas at room temperature
Download the worksheet for Chemistry - Properties of materials (hard, flexible, waterproof, etc.) to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.
Testing and comparing materials for specific uses
SubtopicTesting and comparing materials for specific uses under Chemistry for Grade 4 IGCSE.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
Which property is most important for a material used to make a mirror?
A.Roughness
B.Absorbency
C.Reflectivity
D.Flexibility
- 2.
Which material is often used for a raincoat because it is lightweight and sheds water?
A.Canvas
B.Vinyl (Plastic)
C.Leather
D.Wool
- 3.
Which material is used to make a hammer head because it is tough and won't break when hitting nails?
A.Glass
B.Steel
C.Plastic
D.Rubber
- 4.
If a material is 'opaque', what does that mean?
A.Light can pass through it easily
B.No light can pass through it
C.It is very shiny
D.It can be stretched
- 5.
A student uses a magnifying glass to look closely at four different types of soil. What property are they most likely comparing?
A.The color of the soil
B.The particle size and texture
C.The magnetism of the soil
D.The temperature of the soil
- 6.
Which material would be best for making a protective helmet for cycling?
A.Soft clay that changes shape easily
B.Brittle glass that shatters on impact
C.Tough plastic with a foam liner to absorb shock
D.Flexible fabric that provides no padding
- 7.
A student is testing how different liquids affect the rusting of iron nails. What is the 'control' in this experiment?
A.A nail in vinegar
B.A nail in saltwater
C.A nail in a dry container with no liquid
D.A nail in orange juice
- 8.
A student tests four materials to see which is the best at blocking magnetic force. They place a sheet of each material between a magnet and a paperclip and see if the paperclip still moves. Which material is non-magnetic but blocks the force?
A.A thin sheet of iron
B.A thin sheet of paper
C.A thin sheet of plastic
D.A thin sheet of copper
- 9.
A manufacturer wants to make a new reusable water bottle. It must be lightweight, not break when dropped, and not react with acidic drinks like orange juice. Which material is best?
A.Glass: Doesn't react, but heavy and breaks easily
B.Steel: Strong and doesn't break, but heavy and can react with acid
C.Aluminum: Lightweight and strong, but reacts with acid
D.Special Plastic: Lightweight, doesn't break, and doesn't react with acid
- 10.
To test the 'toughness' of different plastics, a student drops a weight from increasing heights onto a plastic sheet until it cracks. Which plastic is the toughest?
- Plastic 1: Cracks at
- Plastic 2: Cracks at
- Plastic 3: Cracks at
- Plastic 4: Cracks at
A.Plastic 1
B.Plastic 2
C.Plastic 3
D.Plastic 4
Download the worksheet for Chemistry - Testing and comparing materials for specific uses to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.
Temperature and changes of state (melting, freezing, boiling)
SubtopicTemperature and changes of state (melting, freezing, boiling) under Chemistry for Grade 4 IGCSE.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
What is the process called when you take a cold bottle out of the fridge and it gets 'sweaty' with water on the outside?
A.Melting
B.Freezing
C.Evaporation
D.Condensation
- 2.
Which state of matter takes the shape of its container but has a fixed volume?
A.Solid
B.Liquid
C.Gas
D.Ice
- 3.
When molten (liquid) rock from a volcano cools down, it becomes solid rock. What is this process called?
A.Freezing
B.Melting
C.Boiling
D.Evaporating
- 4.
What is the term for a liquid turning into a gas at a temperature below its boiling point?
A.Freezing
B.Melting
C.Evaporation
D.Condensation
- 5.
A scientist is observing four different materials in a room heated to . Based on the melting and boiling points shown in the diagram, which material is in a liquid state at this temperature?
A.Material A
B.Material B
C.Material C
D.Material D
- 6.
Which state change describes what happens when snow disappears from the ground without melting into a puddle first (Sublimation)?
A.Solid to liquid
B.Liquid to gas
C.Solid to gas
D.Gas to solid
- 7.
A liquid is being heated. Which observation indicates it has reached its boiling point?
A.The liquid is turning into a solid
B.The liquid is staying at the same temperature while turning into gas
C.The liquid is getting colder
D.The liquid is changing color
- 8.
When water freezes into ice, what happens to the distance between the particles?
A.The particles get much closer together.
B.The particles actually move slightly further apart in a special structure.
C.The particles disappear and are replaced by ice particles.
D.The distance stays exactly the same as in the liquid.
- 9.
Which statement best describes the 'boiling point' of a substance?
A.The maximum temperature a substance can ever reach.
B.The temperature at which a liquid's particles have enough energy to become a gas throughout the liquid.
C.The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.
D.The temperature at which a gas becomes a liquid.
- 10.
What happens to the temperature of a block of ice as it is melting in a warm room?
A.It stays at until all the ice has turned to water.
B.It rises steadily from to .
C.It drops below because melting takes away heat.
D.It rises to immediately.
Download the worksheet for Chemistry - Temperature and changes of state (melting, freezing, boiling) to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.
Mixing and dissolving solids in liquids
SubtopicMixing and dissolving solids in liquids under Chemistry for Grade 4 IGCSE.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
What happens to the salt particles when they dissolve in water?
A.They are destroyed
B.They spread out and mix with water particles
C.They grow much larger
D.They turn into sugar particles
- 2.
If we stir flour into water and then pour it through a filter paper, the flour stays on the paper. This is because flour is:
A.Soluble
B.Insoluble
C.A solvent
D.Transparent
- 3.
Which of these is a way to make sure a solid has dissolved completely?
A.Wait for it to turn into a gas
B.Check if the liquid is clear and no grains are left at the bottom
C.See if the liquid has turned into a solid
D.Check if the beaker has changed color
- 4.
If you dissolve a blue powder in water, the solution will likely look:
A.Clear and colorless
B.Clear and blue
C.Cloudy and white
D.Solid and blue
- 5.
Which of these is the best description of a solution?
A.A mixture where one substance is dissolved in another
B.A pile of sand at the bottom of a cup
C.A solid that has turned into a gas
D.Pure water with nothing in it
- 6.
A substance that does not dissolve in water might dissolve in a different liquid. This means:
A.Solubility depends on the type of solvent
B.All liquids are the same
C.The solid is always insoluble
D.The solid has melted
- 7.
Which of these is a safety rule when heating a solution to evaporate water?
A.Look directly down into the beaker
B.Wear safety goggles
C.Touch the hot evaporating dish immediately
D.Keep flammable papers near the flame
- 8.
A student is given a mixture of iron filings, salt, and sand. What is the most efficient first step to begin separating them?
A.Add water and filter
B.Use a magnet to remove the iron
C.Evaporate the mixture
D.Sieve the mixture
- 9.
Which of these will NOT increase the amount of salt that can be dissolved in a specific container of water?
A.Adding more water
B.Heating the water
C.Stirring the water faster
D.Using a larger volume of water
- 10.
In a graph showing the time it takes for sugar to dissolve at different temperatures, which axis usually represents the temperature (the independent variable)?
A.The vertical Y-axis
B.The horizontal X-axis
C.Neither, temperature isn't graphed
D.Both axes
Download the worksheet for Chemistry - Mixing and dissolving solids in liquids to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.