Force, Work and Energy - Forms of Energy and Sources

Energy is defined as the ability or capacity to do work. The standard unit of energy and work is the Joule ($J$).

Mechanical Energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion or its position. It is the sum of Kinetic Energy ($K.E.$) and Potential Energy ($P.E.$).

Potential Energy ($P.E.$) is stored energy due to an object's position or state, such as a rock sitting at the top of a hill or a stretched rubber band.

Kinetic Energy ($K.E.$) is the energy of motion. Every moving object, like a flying bird or a rolling ball, possesses $K.E.$

The Sun is the primary source of energy for the Earth, providing Solar Energy in the forms of light and heat.

Chemical Energy is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds, such as food, batteries, and fossil fuels ($Coal$, $Petroleum$).

Electrical Energy is the energy caused by the movement of electrons, used to power appliances like light bulbs and fans.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another (e.g., in a bulb, Electrical Energy $\rightarrow$ Light Energy + Heat Energy).

Renewable sources of energy are those that can be replenished naturally, such as Wind, Water ($Hydro$), and Solar energy.

Non-renewable sources are limited and take millions of years to form, such as fossil fuels like $Coal$, $Oil$, and $Natural Gas$.