The Amazing World of Solutes, Solvents, and Solutions - Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions
Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.
🔑Concepts
A Solute is the substance that dissolves in a liquid. Common examples include salt () and sugar ().
A Solvent is the liquid in which the solute is dissolved. Water () is known as the 'Universal Solvent' because it can dissolve many substances.
A Solution is the uniform mixture formed when a solute dissolves completely in a solvent.
An Unsaturated Solution is a solution that can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature. If you add a pinch of salt to a glass of water and it disappears, the solution is unsaturated.
A Saturated Solution is a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a particular temperature. Any extra solute added will settle at the bottom of the container.
The solubility of a substance usually increases with temperature. For example, hot can dissolve more sugar than cold .
📐Formulae
💡Examples
Problem 1:
Meera is making lemonade. She adds teaspoon of sugar to a glass of water and it dissolves. She keeps adding sugar until she sees sugar grains at the bottom. What has the solution become?
Solution:
A Saturated Solution.
Explanation:
When the water () can no longer dissolve any more sugar at room temperature, it has reached its maximum capacity. This state is called a saturated solution.
Problem 2:
How can you dissolve the extra of salt that is sitting at the bottom of a saturated salt solution?
Solution:
By heating the solution or adding more solvent ().
Explanation:
Increasing the temperature increases the space between solvent molecules, allowing more solute () to fit in. Alternatively, adding more solvent provides more liquid to dissolve the extra solid.
Problem 3:
Identify the solute and solvent in a solution made by mixing of glucose in of water.
Solution:
Solute: Glucose, Solvent: Water ().
Explanation:
The substance that is present in a smaller amount and gets dissolved is the solute (Glucose), while the substance that does the dissolving is the solvent (Water).