krit.club logo

Forces and Motion - Push and Pull Forces

Grade 3IB

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

•

A force is a push or a pull that acts upon an object as a result of its interaction with another object.

•

Forces can cause an object to start moving, stop moving, change its speed, or change its direction of motion.

•

Forces are measured in units called Newtons, which are represented by the symbol NN.

•

Friction is a force that acts in the opposite direction to motion, occurring when two surfaces rub against each other.

•

Balanced forces occur when forces acting on an object are equal in size but opposite in direction, resulting in a net force of 0N0 N and no change in motion.

•

Unbalanced forces occur when the forces are not equal, causing the object to accelerate or change direction.

📐Formulae

F=m×aF = m \times a

Fnet=F1+F2F_{net} = F_{1} + F_{2}

Fnet=Fpush−FfrictionF_{net} = F_{push} - F_{friction}

💡Examples

Problem 1:

A student pushes a heavy crate with a force of 15N15 N to the right. At the same time, friction acts against the crate with a force of 5N5 N to the left. What is the net force acting on the crate?

Solution:

10N10 N to the right

Explanation:

To find the net force (FnetF_{net}), we subtract the friction force from the push force because they are in opposite directions: 15N−5N=10N15 N - 5 N = 10 N.

Problem 2:

Two children are playing tug-of-war. Child A pulls with 20N20 N of force and Child B pulls in the opposite direction with 20N20 N of force. What is the net force, and will the rope move?

Solution:

0N0 N; the rope will not move.

Explanation:

Since the forces are equal in size (20N20 N) but opposite in direction, they are balanced forces. 20N−20N=0N20 N - 20 N = 0 N.

Problem 3:

If you apply a force of 8N8 N to a ball and there is 0N0 N of friction, what is the total force making the ball move?

Solution:

8N8 N

Explanation:

With no opposing force like friction, the net force is equal to the applied push force: 8N+0N=8N8 N + 0 N = 8 N.