Heredity

The variation which is not inherited is:

Chromosomes are made up of:

Which of the following is a recessive trait in Mendel's pea plant?

Which of the following is a dominant trait in Mendel's pea plant?

Mendel's work was based on which of the following?

A basket of vegetables contains a carrot, a potato, a radish, and a tomato. Which of them represent 'homologous' structures in terms of storage organs?

What is the expected percentage of $F_2$ progeny to be short when $F_1$ plants ($Tt$) are self-pollinated?

In a cross between $Tt$ and $tt$ plants, what is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

Mendel crossed a pure tall pea plant with a pure short pea plant. The $F_1$ generation was self-pollinated. In the $F_2$ generation, what is the ratio of tall plants to short plants?

Which of the following is the best definition of a 'Genotype'?

When a pure tall pea plant is crossed with a pure dwarf pea plant, the $F_1$ offspring is $Tt$. This demonstrates:

The percentage of heterozygous tall plants in the $F_2$ generation of a monohybrid cross is:

In Mendel's dihybrid cross, which of these are the new combinations of traits seen in $F_2$?

Which law of Mendel is also known as the Law of Purity of Gametes?

In a dihybrid cross between a pea plant with Round-Yellow seeds and a plant with Wrinkled-Green seeds, Mendel observed four phenotypic categories in the $F_{2}$ generation. Based on the flowchart provided, which labels represent the 'recombinant' (new) phenotypes that did not exist in the parental generation?

The science of heredity and variation is known as:

How many green-seeded plants were obtained by Mendel in the $F_{1}$ generation when crossing pure yellow and green parents?

Why did Mendel perform experiments on seven different pairs of traits?

Which of the following is a 'pure' line in Mendelian terms?

In a dihybrid cross, the total number of zygotic combinations that can be formed is:

How many types of gametes are produced by a homozygous tall ($TT$) plant?

In a pea plant, the allele for axial flower ($A$) is dominant over the allele for terminal flower ($a$). What is the phenotype of a plant with genotype $Aa$?

The process by which new species develop from existing species is called:

The phenotypic ratio of $3:1$ in the F2 generation indicates that the parents were:

If a cross is made between $Aa$ and $aa$, the probability of getting $aa$ offspring is:

What is the probability of a human couple having a third daughter after having two daughters already?

Which of the following blood group genotypes shows co-dominance?

A pea plant with round-yellow seeds ($RrYy$) is self-pollinated. What fraction of the $F_{2}$ generation will have wrinkled-green seeds?

If a plant genotype is $Tt$, the 'factors' $T$ and $t$ separate during gamete formation. Which law does this describe?

In Mendel's dihybrid cross, the phenotypic ratio $9:3:3:1$ was obtained. What does the '9' represent?

The total number of sex chromosomes in a human zygote is:

The male sex chromosome is called _____ and the female sex chromosome is called _____ in humans.

Sex determination is the process by which the _____ of a new individual is fixed.

Which of the following is the correct chromosome composition of a human female?

All the following are true about sex determination except:

A person has 22 pairs of autosomes and one $XY$ pair. This person is a:

Which of the following is a correct statement about the $Y$ chromosome?

Sex-linked traits are often associated with the X chromosome because:

If a human sperm cell could contain both an $X$ and a $Y$ chromosome (due to an error), and it fertilizes a normal egg, what would be the sex chromosome configuration of the zygote?

In humans, the 'default' sex in the absence of a $Y$ chromosome is:

A segment of DNA that provides information for a specific protein, which in turn controls a trait, is called a:

Which of the following was a unique feature of Mendel's work compared to previous biologists?

If you cross two heterozygous tall plants ($Tt \times Tt$), what is the probability of obtaining a homozygous tall ($TT$) plant?

In a dihybrid cross Punnett square, how many total possible zygotic combinations are represented?

A pea plant with the genotype $RrYy$ (round and yellow seeds) is crossed with a plant having the genotype $rryy$ (wrinkled and green seeds). Based on the Law of Independent Assortment and the phenotypes illustrated in the diagram, what is the probability of obtaining offspring with a phenotypic combination different from both parent plants?

In a cross between $Rr$ and $rr$ plants, what is the ratio of round-seeded to wrinkled-seeded plants in the offspring?

A pure-breeding pea plant with axial flowers was crossed with a terminal flowered plant. If the axial position is dominant, what is the phenotype of the $F_2$ plants obtained after selfing the $F_1$?

Which of the following is the best definition of 'Heredity'?

In a dihybrid cross, how many types of phenotypes are observed in the $F_2$ generation?

The presence of two different alleles for a particular gene in an individual is known as:

Which of the following statements is true about sex determination in humans?

How many total autosomes are there in a human skin cell?

The scientific name for the female gamete in humans is:

A human zygote that will develop into a boy has which sex chromosomes?

A human female somatic cell has how many pairs of 'perfectly matched' chromosomes?

Which of the following is a characteristic of the human Y chromosome?

The fact that a child has a 50% chance of being male or female is due to:

The sex of a child is determined at the exact moment of:

A child inherits one chromosome from each parent for every pair. For the 23rd pair, the child has $XY$. This means:

During the process of oogenesis, how many $X$ chromosomes are typically found in the first polar body of a human female?

If a plant has genotype $Tt$, it is described as being:

A cross between $RR$ and $rr$ will result in $F_1$ progeny with the genotype:

What is the genotype of a plant that is homozygous for round seeds ($R$ is dominant over $r$)?

Which of these is a contrasting trait Mendel studied in the garden pea?

In the cellular mechanism for trait expression, a specific gene provides information for an enzyme. This enzyme triggers the production of a growth hormone. If the gene has an alteration that makes the resulting enzyme less efficient, what outcome is predicted by the flowchart?

Which of the following pairs of sex chromosomes is found in human females?

During the formation of gametes, chromosomes:

The Law of Independent Assortment states that during gamete formation:

If $1000$ seeds are collected from an $F_{2}$ generation of a monohybrid cross ($Tt \times Tt$), approximately how many are expected to be heterozygous?

A Mendelian 'factor' is now known as a: