Motion, Forces and Energy

Which of these quantities is a vector?

What is the prefix for $10^3$?

What is the correct conversion from kilometers per hour (km/h) to meters per second (m/s)?

Which of the following is a unit of volume?

A student performs an experiment to determine the spring constant $k$ of a coiled spring by suspending a load and measuring the extension $x$ produced. The relationship used is $F = kx$, where $F$ is the weight of the load. What is the unit of the spring constant $k$ when expressed entirely in SI base units?

Which of the following lists contains only derived units?

An object moves in a circular path of radius $r$. After one complete revolution, what is its displacement?

Which of the following equations is NOT dimensionally homogeneous, where $s$ is displacement, $u$ is initial velocity, $a$ is acceleration, and $t$ is time?

A student measures the time for $50$ swings of a pendulum. If the reaction time is $0.2$ s, what is the most likely absolute uncertainty in the total time measured for the $50$ swings?

The molar gas constant $R$ has units of $J \cdot K^{-1} \cdot mol^{-1}$. What are its SI base units?

When ignoring air resistance, which object will fall with the greatest acceleration near Earth's surface?

If you are walking at a constant velocity of $1.5$ m/s, how far will you walk in $1$ minute?

What does the symbol $\Delta$ (delta) represent in physics equations like $\Delta v$?

An object travels $5$ m North and then $12$ m East. What is the total distance traveled?

Which of the following describes the movement of an object with a constant negative acceleration?

A ball rolling down a slope reaches a speed of $6\text{ m/s}$ after $3\text{ seconds}$. If it started from rest, what was its acceleration?

What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

A particle moves such that its position vector is $\vec{r} = \cos(\omega t)\hat{i} + \sin(\omega t)\hat{j}$. The velocity of the particle is:

The acceleration $a$ of a particle starting from rest varies with time $t$ as $a = kt + c$. The velocity $v$ of the particle after time $t$ is:

A body is thrown at an angle $\theta$ with the horizontal. Its velocity is $v_1$ at the maximum height and $v_2$ at half of the maximum height. The ratio $v_1/v_2$ is:

When temperature increases, most solids expand slightly while their mass remains constant. What happens to their density?

An object sinks in water. What can be concluded about the object's density?

What is the volume of $100\text{ g}$ of a substance that has a density of $5\text{ g/cm}^3$?

A $1\text{ kg}$ mass is hung from a spring balance on Earth. The reading is $10\text{ N}$. If the same setup is used on a planet with double Earth's gravity, the reading will be:

A solid cylinder X has a radius $r$ and a height $h$. A second solid cylinder Y is made of a different material and has a radius of $r/2$ and a height of $2h$. The two cylinders are placed at equal distances from the pivot of a beam balance, and the beam remains horizontal. What is the ratio of the density of cylinder X to the density of cylinder Y ($\rho_X : \rho_Y$)?

Which statement correctly compares mass and weight?

A crate weighs $200\text{ N}$ on Earth ($g = 10\text{ N/kg}$). It is taken to a planet where its weight is $80\text{ N}$. What is the gravity on that planet?

A container is filled with three immiscible liquids of densities $\rho$, $2\rho$, and $3\rho$. If equal masses of each liquid are used, what is the average density of the liquid column?

A sample of an alloy is made of $60\%$ metal X by volume and $40\%$ metal Y by volume. If the density of metal X is $7000\text{ kg/m}^3$ and the density of the alloy is $8200\text{ kg/m}^3$, what is the density of metal Y?

A solid cylinder of mass $M$, radius $r$, and height $h$ is placed on a table. Which of the following changes would double the pressure it exerts on the table?

A force of $100\text{ N}$ acts on a circular area with a radius of $1\text{ m}$. What is the pressure approximately?

What happens to the friction between a block and a table if the block is made smoother?

An object of mass $5\text{ kg}$ is pulled with a force of $50\text{ N}$ on a frictionless surface. What is the acceleration?

Which of the following is required for an object to be in equilibrium?

A stone of mass $0.5\text{ kg}$ is tied to a string and whirled in a horizontal circle of radius $2.0\text{ m}$ with a constant speed of $4.0\text{ m/s}$. What is the centripetal acceleration of the stone?

A atmospheric pressure is $1.0 \times 10^5\text{ Pa}$. What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the atmosphere on a window of dimensions $0.5\text{ m} \times 0.8\text{ m}$?

An object is in equilibrium under the action of three coplanar forces. If the forces are represented by vectors, which shape do they form when placed head-to-tail?

A uniform rod of length $L$ is pivoted at one end and allowed to fall from a horizontal position. What is the angular velocity of the rod when it passes through the vertical position?

A solid sphere and a hollow sphere of the same mass and radius roll down an inclined plane without slipping. Which one reaches the bottom first?

An object of mass $m$ is falling through a viscous fluid. The drag force is $F = -bv$. What is the time constant of the motion (the time it takes to reach about $63\%$ of terminal velocity)?

Which of the following is true for an object that is NOT rotating and NOT moving?

In a balanced system, if a $40\ N$ force is $1\ m$ from the pivot, and another force is $2\ m$ from the pivot on the opposite side, what is the magnitude of the second force?

What happens to the moment of a force if you decrease both the force and the distance by half?

When calculating the moment of a person's weight on a see-saw, what value is used for the 'Force'?

A uniform horizontal beam $PQ$ of length $2.0\ m$ and weight $50\ N$ is hinged to a vertical wall at point $P$. The beam is held in equilibrium by a cable attached at $Q$ and to the wall at point $R$, which is vertically above $P$. If the cable $QR$ makes an angle of $30^\circ$ with the beam, calculate the tension in the cable.

If a force of $50\ N$ acts at a perpendicular distance of $20\ cm$ from a pivot, what is the moment in Nm?

Calculate the magnitude of the force $F$ required to balance the beam shown in the diagram.

A uniform beam of length $4.0\ m$ and mass $20\ kg$ is supported $1.0\ m$ from the left end. When a mass $M$ is placed at the left end, it balances. If $M$ is increased by $10\ kg$, the pivot must be moved $0.2\ m$ to the left to maintain balance. Find the original mass $M$.

A uniform cuboid of dimensions $0.1\ m \times 0.1\ m \times 0.5\ m$ stands on its smallest face. If it is tilted about one edge, what is the minimum angle of tilt before it topples?

A uniform beam of weight $50\ N$ and length $2.0\ m$ is pivoted at its center. A $20\ N$ weight is placed at the $0.5\ m$ mark. A spring with spring constant $k = 100\ N/m$ is attached vertically at the $2.0\ m$ mark. What is the extension of the spring required for equilibrium?

Gravity acts on every particle of an object. The resultant of all these individual gravitational forces acts through the:

If a uniform square sheet is folded in half to form a rectangle, the centre of gravity will:

The point where the whole mass of a body seems to be concentrated is called the:

An object is most likely to fall over if it has a:

When a person carries a heavy suitcase in one hand, they often extend their other arm or lean to the opposite side. Why?

A uniform wooden rod is $1.2\text{ m}$ long. It is found that the rod balances at a point $0.5\text{ m}$ from one end when a $2\text{ kg}$ mass is attached to that end. What is the mass of the rod?

A bird toy balances on its beak on the tip of a finger. This is possible because:

A uniform lamina is in the shape of a square of side $a$ with an isosceles triangle of height $h$ added onto one side. If the center of gravity of the whole lamina lies on the common side, what is the value of $h$?

A uniform rod $AB$ is $1.0\text{ m}$ long. It is pivoted at a point $0.2\text{ m}$ from $A$. A mass of $2.0\text{ kg}$ is suspended at $A$ and the rod is balanced by a mass of $0.5\text{ kg}$ suspended at $B$. What is the mass of the rod?

Four identical uniform bricks of length $L$ are stacked on top of each other at the edge of a table. What is the maximum total overhang possible such that the stack does not topple?

Momentum is defined as the product of which two quantities?

Which of the following occurs when a net force is applied to a moving object in the direction of its motion?

If a heavy object and a light object are moving with the same momentum, which one is moving faster?

An object experiences a change in momentum of $15\text{ kg m/s}$ in $3\text{ s}$. What is the magnitude of the resultant force?

The momentum of a system is conserved only if:

A child of mass $30\text{ kg}$ jumps off a boat of mass $150\text{ kg}$ into the water. If the child's horizontal velocity is $2\text{ m/s}$ relative to the water, what is the recoil velocity of the boat?

A truck of mass $5000\text{ kg}$ moving at $4\text{ m/s}$ collides with a stationary car of mass $1000\text{ kg}$. If they move together after the impact, what is their kinetic energy after the collision?

A ball of mass $M$ moving with speed $V$ strikes a stationary ball of mass $M$. If the collision is perfectly inelastic, what is the ratio of final total kinetic energy to initial total kinetic energy?

A force $F$ is applied to a body of mass $m$ for time $t$, changing its velocity from $u$ to $v$. The power delivered by the force at any instant is:

A $3\text{ kg}$ object moving at $10\text{ m/s}$ collides with a $2\text{ kg}$ object moving at $5\text{ m/s}$ in the same direction. If the collision is elastic, what are their final velocities?

What is the gravitational field strength ($g$) on Earth approximately?

A ball is thrown upwards. As it rises, which energy change occurs?

Which of the following is equivalent to $1\text{ Watt}$?

Why are most energy conversion processes not $100\%$ efficient?

A runner with a mass of $60\text{ kg}$ has $750\text{ J}$ of kinetic energy. What is the runner's speed?

A $10\text{ kg}$ block is pushed $5.0\text{ m}$ up a frictionless ramp inclined at $30^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. What is the work done on the block? (Use $g = 9.8\text{ m/s}^2$ and $\sin(30^{\circ}) = 0.5$)

What happens to the dissipated energy in a system?

Which of the following units is equivalent to the Watt?

A constant force of $100\text{ N}$ is used to push a $20\text{ kg}$ mass $10\text{ m}$ up a $30^\circ$ incline. If the final speed of the mass is $4.0\text{ m/s}$ starting from rest, how much energy was dissipated as heat? (Use $g = 9.8\text{ m/s}^2$)

A spring with constant $k$ is used to stop a cart of mass $M$ moving at speed $v$. If the mass of the cart is doubled and the speed is halved, how does the maximum compression $x$ of the spring change?

Which of the following will increase the pressure of a gas in a sealed container?

If the pressure of the atmosphere is $100,000\text{ Pa}$, what force does it exert on a table with an area of $2\text{ m}^2$?

How is the height of the mercury column in a barometer affected by the diameter of the glass tube?

An object exerts $300\text{ N}$ of force over $3\text{ m}^2$. Another object exerts $150\text{ N}$ over $1.5\text{ m}^2$. Which exerts more pressure?

A hydraulic jack is used to lift a $15000\text{ N}$ load. The system consists of a lever and two pistons. A worker applies a force $F$ to the end of the lever, which then exerts a force on the smaller piston that is five times greater than $F$. The area of the smaller piston is $0.01\text{ m}^2$ and the area of the larger piston is $0.25\text{ m}^2$. What is the minimum force $F$ that the worker must apply?

The pressure of a fixed mass of gas is $P$ at $0^{\circ}\text{C}$. If the volume is kept constant and the gas is heated to $273^{\circ}\text{C}$, what will the new pressure be?

Two identical containers, A and B, are filled with water and alcohol respectively. Container A is filled to a height of $20\text{ cm}$ and Container B to $25\text{ cm}$. If the density of alcohol is $800\text{ kg/m}^3$ and water is $1000\text{ kg/m}^3$, which statement is true about the pressure at the bottom?

A large tank is filled with water to a height $H$. A small hole is made at a depth $h$ from the top. The horizontal distance (range) $R$ that the water jet travels before hitting the ground (tank is on the ground) is $R = 2 \sqrt{h(H-h)}$. At what depth $h$ is the pressure such that the range $R$ is maximized?

A gas is compressed from $10\text{ L}$ to $2\text{ L}$ at constant temperature. If the initial pressure was $1.5 \times 10^5\text{ Pa}$, and the final state is then heated until the pressure doubles again, what is the final pressure?

A block of wood floats in water with $2/3$ of its volume submerged. When floating in oil, $9/10$ of its volume is submerged. What is the density of the oil?