Thermal Properties of Matter

The value of coefficient of expansion depends on which unit of temperature?

What happens to the density of water when it is cooled from $10^\circ C$ to $4^\circ C$?

A substance that expands on cooling is:

The coefficient of volume expansion of water is negative between:

The coefficient of apparent expansion of a liquid depends on:

A cube of side $10 \text{ cm}$ is heated from $10^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$. If $\alpha = 2 \times 10^{-5} / ^{\circ}C$, the change in its volume is:

If the temperature of a wire is increased, its Young's modulus generally:

A substance's volume $V$ varies with temperature $T$ as $V = V_0(1 + aT + bT^2)$. What is the coefficient of volume expansion $\gamma$ at temperature $T$?

If the temperature of a gas in a closed container is increased, and the container also expands, the pressure change observed is a result of:

A metal rod of length $L$ is heated from $T_1$ to $T_2$. If the coefficient of linear expansion is $\alpha(T) = k T$ (where $k$ is a constant), the final length is:

Heat capacity $S$ can be expressed as:

An object of mass $m_1$ and specific heat $s_1$ at temperature $T_1$ is mixed with mass $m_2$ and specific heat $s_2$ at temperature $T_2$ ($T_1 > T_2$). The final temperature $T$ is:

What happens to the temperature of a substance when it is supplied with heat while undergoing a change of state?

The specific heat capacity of a substance at its boiling point is:

What is the heat capacity of $50\text{ g}$ of aluminum ($s = 0.9\text{ J/g\cdot K}$)?

Two substances $X$ and $Y$ have specific heats $s_X$ and $s_Y$ such that $s_X > s_Y$. If equal masses of both are given the same amount of heat:

During a phase change from liquid to gas at constant pressure, the specific heat capacity effectively becomes:

A block of ice at $-10^\circ C$ is slowly heated and converted to steam at $100^\circ C$. Which of the following curves represents the variation of temperature with heat supplied?

The heat capacity of a body is $80 \text{ cal/}^\circ C$. Its water equivalent is:

Steam is passed into $22 \text{ g}$ of water at $20^\circ C$. The mass of water that will be present when the water starts boiling is: ($L_v = 540 \text{ cal/g}$)

The value of latent heat of fusion of ice in cal/g is:

What is the boiling point of water on the Kelvin scale at standard atmospheric pressure?

If $L$ is the latent heat, what is the heat required to change the state of $2$ kg of a substance?

The transition from gas to liquid is known as:

If the pressure on a liquid is increased, the latent heat of vaporization generally:

Which of the following processes involves the latent heat of fusion?

When a liquid evaporates at a temperature below its boiling point, the required latent heat is taken from:

A heater is used to melt $1 \, kg$ of ice. The graph of Temperature vs Time shows a plateau for $200 \, seconds$. If the power of the heater is doubled, what will be the duration of the plateau for the same mass of ice?

Which of the following processes requires the absorption of latent heat?

A container with $100 \, g$ of water at $100^{\circ}C$ is converted to steam. If $54000 \, cal$ of heat is added, but $10\%$ of the heat is lost to the environment, what mass of water remains in the liquid state?

The rate of cooling of a body is proportional to the difference in temperature between the body and its surroundings. This is:

A perfectly black body appears black because it:

If $Q$ is the heat flowing through a rod of length $L$ and area $A$ in time $t$ for a temperature difference $\Delta T$, the thermal conductivity $K$ is:

Birds fluff their feathers in winter to:

Three identical metallic rods (same length, cross-sectional area, and material) are connected at a common junction $O$ as shown in the diagram. The other ends $A, B,$ and $C$ are maintained at constant temperatures of $90 \, ^\circ C$, $60 \, ^\circ C$, and $60 \, ^\circ C$ respectively. What is the steady-state temperature at the junction $O$?

In which direction is heat transferred in a rod during the steady state?

Why do we wear woolen clothes in winter?

A calorimeter contains $0.2 kg$ of water at $50^\circ C$. It loses heat at a rate of $80 J/s$. If the surrounding temperature is $20^\circ C$, the time required for the water temperature to drop by $2^\circ C$ is (specific heat of water $= 4200 J/kg K$):

If the thermal conductivity of a material increases with temperature, the steady state temperature distribution $T(x)$ in a uniform rod (ends at $T_H, T_L$) will be:

A perfectly black body emits radiation at temperature $T_1$. If the temperature is increased to $T_2$, the total energy emitted per second increases by 15 times. The ratio $T_2/T_1$ is:

Newton's Law of Cooling is used in forensic science to estimate:

If the temperature of a body becomes equal to the temperature of the surroundings, the rate of cooling becomes:

A body cools from $T_1$ to $T_2$ in time $t$. If the surrounding temperature is $T_s$, the average rate of cooling is:

The mathematical expression for Newton's Law of Cooling represents which type of decay?

When a hot liquid is kept in a calorimeter, the heat loss to the surroundings occurs through:

Two solid cylinders $A$ and $B$ have the same dimensions and material. $A$ is painted black and $B$ is polished. If they are heated to the same temperature and left to cool, then:

If the rate of cooling of a body is $0.5^\circ C/min$ when its temperature is $50^\circ C$ and the surrounding is at $30^\circ C$, what is the cooling constant $K$?

If a body takes $t_1$ minutes to cool from $60^\circ C$ to $50^\circ C$ and $t_2$ minutes to cool from $50^\circ C$ to $40^\circ C$ in a room at $30^\circ C$, the relationship between $t_1$ and $t_2$ is:

A hot body is placed in a vacuum. Newton's Law of Cooling is:

Two liquids of masses $m_1$ and $m_2$ and specific heats $s_1$ and $s_2$ are cooled under identical conditions. If $m_1 s_1 = 2 m_2 s_2$, the ratio of the time taken for the same temperature fall is:

The melting point of ice ______ with the increase in pressure.

Two objects are in thermal equilibrium if they have the same:

Coefficient of volume expansion for an ideal gas at constant pressure is:

What happens to the temperature of a substance during its change of phase from liquid to solid?

A faulty thermometer has its lower fixed point marked as $5^\circ$ and its upper fixed point marked as $95^\circ$. If this thermometer reads $59^\circ$ when placed in a liquid, what is the actual temperature of the liquid on the Celsius ($^\circ C$) scale?

A piece of iron and a piece of wood are kept in the sun. The iron piece feels hotter because:

Latent heat of vaporization of water is approximately:

The solar constant (energy received by Earth per unit area per unit time) is $S$. If the Sun's radius is $R$ and the distance between the Earth and the Sun is $r$, the temperature of the Sun's surface (treated as a black body) is:

A black body at $227^{\circ}C$ radiates heat at the rate of $7\ cal/cm^2\cdot s$. At a temperature of $727^{\circ}C$, the rate of heat radiated in the same units will be:

Steam at $100^{\circ}C$ is passed into $20\ g$ of water at $10^{\circ}C$. When water acquires a temperature of $80^{\circ}C$, the mass of water present will be: ($L_v = 540\ cal/g, s_w = 1\ cal/g^{\circ}C$)

If the temperature of a gas is doubled on the Kelvin scale, the average kinetic energy of its molecules will:

The difference between the steam point and the ice point is called:

Which of the following is not a temperature scale?

At absolute zero, the kinetic energy of molecules becomes:

An inverted temperature scale $X$ is defined such that the ice point of water is $100^{\circ}X$ and the steam point is $0^{\circ}X$. If this thermometer is used to measure the temperature of a liquid and it reads $25^{\circ}X$, what would be the corresponding reading on the Fahrenheit scale?

A Reamur scale (now obsolete) has $0^{\circ}R$ as ice point and $80^{\circ}R$ as steam point. What is the reading on the Reamur scale for $20^{\circ}C$?

Oxygen boils at $-183^{\circ}C$. What is this temperature in Fahrenheit?

An object's temperature is measured as $303.15$ K. What is this temperature in Fahrenheit?

Standardization of thermometers is done using the fixed points. Which of the following is NOT a primary fixed point according to ITS-90?

A thermocouple produces an emf $E = aT + bT^2$. The seebeck coefficient (thermoelectric power) is defined as $dE/dT$. At the neutral temperature, the seebeck coefficient is:

The value of the Boltzmann constant is approximately:

If the absolute temperature of a gas is reduced to half, what happens to the average kinetic energy of its molecules?

Which of the following is true for an ideal gas?

What does the slope of a $PV$ versus $T$ graph represent for $1$ mole of an ideal gas?

If the absolute temperature of a gas is increased by $1\%$, keeping the volume constant, what is the percentage increase in pressure?

The dimensions of the universal gas constant $R$ are:

What happens to the pressure of an ideal gas if its absolute temperature is doubled and its volume is doubled?

A container of volume $V$ contains $0.2 \text{ moles}$ of Hydrogen and $0.3 \text{ moles}$ of Helium at $27^\circ\text{C}$. The total pressure is:

At constant pressure, which of the following represents the Charles's Law graph?

What is the pressure of $10^{22}$ molecules of an ideal gas, each of mass $10^{-26} \text{ kg}$, in a volume of $1 \text{ liter}$ if the rms speed is $1000 \text{ m/s}$?

Which state of matter has the highest intermolecular force of attraction?

Pressure has no effect on the melting point of which of the following?

The unit of latent heat in the CGS system is:

If $L$ is the latent heat and $m$ is the mass, then the heat $Q$ is given by:

The specific heat capacity $s$ is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass by $1^\circ\text{C}$ ($s = \Delta Q / m \Delta T$). Based on this definition, what is the effective specific heat capacity of a substance while it is undergoing a change of state at its boiling point?

Why is the latent heat of vaporization ($L_v$) of a substance typically much larger than its latent heat of fusion ($L_f$)?

When salt is added to ice, the melting point of ice:

A piece of ice is floating in a beaker containing water. When the ice melts completely, the level of water in the beaker will:

At the boiling point, the density of a substance usually decreases drastically because:

Latent heat of fusion of ice is $80 \text{ cal/g}$. This means to melt $1 \text{ g}$ of ice at $0^{\circ}\text{C}$ to $1 \text{ g}$ of water at $0^{\circ}\text{C}$, we must: