Evolution and Biodiversity
Each subtopic includes About section, revision page link, 10 preview questions, and practice CTAs.
Evidence for evolution
SubtopicEvidence for evolution under Evolution and Biodiversity for Grade 12 IB.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
Which process involves humans choosing specific individual animals or plants to breed based on desirable traits, providing evidence that species can change over time?
A.Natural selection
B.Selective breeding
C.Convergent evolution
D.Adaptive radiation
- 2.
The pentadactyl limb is a classic example of a homologous structure. Which of the following sets of bones are found in the forelimb of a human, a whale, and a bat?
A.Femur, Tibia, Fibula
B.Scapula, Clavicle, Sternum
C.Humerus, Radius, Ulna
D.Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges
- 3.
The fossil record provides evidence for evolution by showing a chronological sequence in which organisms appear. Which group of vertebrates is generally found in the deepest (oldest) sedimentary rock layers?
A.Amphibians
B.Bony fish
C.Reptiles
D.Mammals
Download the worksheet for Evolution and Biodiversity - Evidence for evolution to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.
Natural selection
SubtopicNatural selection under Evolution and Biodiversity for Grade 12 IB.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
What is the direct consequence of the widespread use of antibiotics on bacterial populations?
A.Bacteria transform into viruses to avoid the effects of the drug.
B.Antibiotics cause mutations that specifically create resistance genes.
C.The human immune system becomes weaker and cannot fight the bacteria.
D.Frequency of resistant alleles increases as non-resistant bacteria are killed.
- 2.
In a population of soil bacteria, a few individuals possess a gene that allows them to break down a specific toxin. When the soil becomes contaminated with this toxin, these bacteria survive and multiply. What is this an example of?
A.Artificial selection
B.Acclimatization
C.Natural selection
D.Selective breeding
- 3.
Which statement best describes the role of overproduction of offspring in the theory of natural selection?
A.It ensures that the population size remains constant regardless of resources.
B.It leads to a struggle for existence where only the best-adapted individuals survive.
C.It prevents the occurrence of mutations within the gene pool.
D.It allows organisms to choose which traits they pass on to the next generation.
Download the worksheet for Evolution and Biodiversity - Natural selection to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.
Classification of biodiversity
SubtopicClassification of biodiversity under Evolution and Biodiversity for Grade 12 IB.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
Carl Woese proposed the three-domain system based on evidence from ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences. What are the three domains?
A.Prokaryota, Eukaryota, and Protoctista
B.Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota
C.Animalia, Plantae, and Fungi
D.Monera, Bacteria, and Archaea
- 2.
A student finds a plant that lacks vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) and attaches to the ground using rhizoids rather than true roots. To which phylum does this plant belong?
A.Filicinophyta
B.Coniferophyta
C.Angiospermophyta
D.Bryophyta
- 3.
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of the hierarchy of taxa, from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?
A.Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
B.Kingdom, Domain, Class, Phylum, Order, Family, Genus, Species
C.Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Class, Family, Genus, Species
D.Domain, Phylum, Kingdom, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Download the worksheet for Evolution and Biodiversity - Classification of biodiversity to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.
Cladistics
SubtopicCladistics under Evolution and Biodiversity for Grade 12 IB.
Preview questions (no answers)
- 1.
Why is DNA sequence data often preferred over morphological data when constructing cladograms?
A.Morphological traits are not inherited from ancestors.
B.Genetic data is not affected by environmental factors like diet.
C.Morphological traits can be misleading due to convergent evolution.
D.DNA sequences change much faster than physical characteristics.
- 2.
Based on the diagram provided, which of the following groups constitutes a single clade?
A.Species 2 and 3 only
B.Common Ancestor B, Species 2, and Species 3
C.Common Ancestor A, Species 1, and Species 2
D.Species 1, 2, and 3 only
- 3.
What do the nodes (branching points) on a cladogram represent?
A.The point in time when a species became extinct.
B.A specific mutation that led to the development of a new trait.
C.The most recent common ancestor of the groups that branch from it.
D.The geographic location where speciation occurred.
Download the worksheet for Evolution and Biodiversity - Cladistics to practice offline. It includes additional chapter-level practice questions.