Drugs

To save time during appointments

To slow down the development of antibiotic resistance

Because antibiotics are becoming toxic to humans

Because bacteria have all been wiped out

Charles Darwin

Florey and Chain

Watson and Crick

Albert Einstein

Regular hand washing and hygiene protocols

Giving every patient antibiotics as a precaution

Keeping the windows closed at all times

Increasing the room temperature

Save them for the next time you feel sick

Give them to a friend with similar symptoms

Dispose of them safely according to a pharmacist's advice

Throw them in the garden to help plants grow

To prevent the bacteria from escaping into the atmosphere

To prevent the transfer of resistant bacteria to other vulnerable patients

To ensure the patient doesn't get a different infection from the hospital

To keep the patient in a warm environment

To count the total number of bacteria in a sample

To determine which antibiotic is most effective against a specific pathogen

To grow large amounts of antibiotics for sale

To see how many different species of bacteria are in the air

Using an antibiotic that kills all known bacteria

Using an antibiotic that specifically targets only one or two types of bacteria

Using a very small dose of a broad-spectrum drug

Using a drug that only works for exactly ten minutes

Bacteriostatic

Bactericidal but not bacteriolytic

Bacteriolytic

Antiviral

High selection pressure (excessive antibiotic use) increases the frequency of resistance alleles in a population

High selection pressure causes the bacteria to produce more mutations to survive

Low selection pressure (no antibiotics) makes resistance genes disappear immediately

Selection pressure only applies to viruses, not bacteria

Bacteria only grow in circles

The antibiotic molecules diffuse outward from the disc at an equal rate in all directions

The agar is poured in a circular petri dish

The magnetic field of the earth influences the drug movement

Improved athletic performance

High risk of lung and throat diseases

Increased lung capacity

Better sense of smell

Stimulus --> Faster Brain Processing --> Rapid Response

Stimulus --> Slower Brain Processing --> Delayed Response

Stimulus --> No Brain Processing --> No Response

Stimulus --> Instant Brain Processing --> No Response

Tar

Glucose

Oxygen

Vitamin C

Infection

Immunity

Addiction

Antibiotic

Increased production of stomach acid, which can irritate the lining

Immediate digestion of all food present

Tightening of the sphincter to prevent vomiting

Rapid cooling of the stomach contents

Tar increases the surface area by creating more folds in the alveoli.

Tar coats the alveoli and contributes to the breakdown of alveolar walls, reducing surface area.

Tar has no effect on the physical structure of the alveoli.

Tar only affects the trachea and has no impact on the lungs themselves.

It increases the speed of reflexes.

It impairs the function of the frontal lobes of the brain.

It improves the clarity of thought and memory.

It reduces the amount of glucose reaching the brain.

Thiamine (Vitamin $B_1$) deficiency

Excessive Vitamin C intake from mixers

Lack of dietary protein

Malabsorption of Vitamin K

Leaves; acting as an insecticide to deter herbivores

Roots; acting as a nitrogen-fixing chemical

Flowers; acting as a pheromone to attract pollinators

Seeds; acting as a growth hormone for germination

Liver damage reduces albumin production, lowering blood osmotic pressure

The alcohol molecules leak out of the stomach and attract water into the cavity

The kidneys stop producing urine, and the fluid backs up into the abdomen

Alcohol causes the lymphatic vessels to burst in the abdominal region