Neural Control and Coordination

Relays impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles

Relays impulses from CNS to involuntary organs

Relays impulses from skeletal muscles to CNS only

Controls the heartbeat

Unidirectional

Bidirectional

Multidirectional

Circular

Sensory

Motor

Interneuron

Unipolar

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

Central Nervous System

Somatic Nervous System

Thalamus

Cerebrum

Hypothalamus

Amygdala

To control voluntary limb movements

To relay impulses to skeletal muscles

To regulate involuntary organs and smooth muscles

To process visual information in the retina

Total permeability to all ions

Differential permeability to various ions

Total impermeability to all ions

Presence of chlorophyll

An enzyme that breaks down sodium

A transmembrane protein for active transport

A structural protein in the myelin

A receptor for light

Changes in temperature

Movement of ions through channels

Movement of organelles

Flow of blood near the axon

Receptor $\rightarrow$ Motor neuron $\rightarrow$ CNS $\rightarrow$ Sensory neuron $\rightarrow$ Effector

Effector $\rightarrow$ Motor neuron $\rightarrow$ CNS $\rightarrow$ Sensory neuron $\rightarrow$ Receptor

Receptor $\rightarrow$ Sensory neuron $\rightarrow$ CNS $\rightarrow$ Motor neuron $\rightarrow$ Effector

CNS $\rightarrow$ Receptor $\rightarrow$ Sensory neuron $\rightarrow$ Motor neuron $\rightarrow$ Effector

Faster

Controlled by the cerebrum

Slower

Always involves glands

In the spinal cord

In the sense organs or skin

In the motor nerves

In the brain stem

Cochlea

Incus

External auditory canal

Oval window

Ganglion cells

Bipolar cells

Photoreceptor cells

Keratinocytes

Crista

Macula

Corti

Basilar

To produce perilymph

To equalize air pressure

To increase the efficiency of transmission of sound waves

To maintain dynamic balance

Blind spot

Fovea centralis

Optic disc

Cornea

Stapes

Incus

Malleus

Ethmoid