Tick-Tick-Tick - Calendar and Dates

The Calendar Layout: A calendar is organized into a grid where columns represent the seven days of the week (Sunday to Saturday) and rows represent the weeks of the month. To find a specific date, you look at the intersection of the correct week row and day column. Each year starts on 1st January and ends on 31st December.

Days in a Month: There are 12 months in a year. Seven months have 31 days (January, March, May, July, August, October, December) and four months have 30 days (April, June, September, November). A visual way to remember this is the 'Knuckle Rule': when you make a fist, the knuckles (high points) represent months with 31 days and the gaps (low points) represent months with 30 or 28 days.

Leap Years: A standard year has 365 days, but every four years, we have a Leap Year with 366 days. In a leap year, February has 29 days instead of the usual 28. You can identify a leap year if the last two digits of the year are divisible by 4 (e.g., 2020, 2024).

Date Formats: Dates are commonly written in the format DD/MM/YYYY. For example, 26th January 2024 is written as $26/01/2024$. The month is represented by its sequence number: January is $01$, February is $02$, and so on up to December which is $12$.

Calculating Duration: To find the number of days between two dates in the same month, subtract the smaller date from the larger date. If you need to include both the start and end dates, use the logic: $\text{Difference} + 1$. For example, the number of days from 1st to 5th including both is $5 - 1 + 1 = 5$.

Manufacturing and Expiry Dates: Most packaged goods have a Manufacturing Date (MFG) and an Expiry Date (EXP) or 'Best Before' date. This tells us how long a product is safe to use. If a product is manufactured in $03/24$ (March 2024) and is best for 6 months, it should be used before $09/24$ (September 2024).

Timelines: A timeline is a visual horizontal line used to represent dates in chronological order. Events are marked as points on the line from left to right, where the leftmost point is the earliest date and the rightmost is the latest date.