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Rupees and Paise - Adding and Subtracting Money

Grade 3CBSE

Review the key concepts, formulae, and examples before starting your quiz.

🔑Concepts

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Understanding Indian Currency: In India, money is measured in Rupees and Paise. The symbol for Rupee is ₹ and for Paise is 'p'. Think of 11 Rupee as a whole and Paise as parts of that whole, where it takes 100100 Paise to make 11 Rupee.

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The Decimal Point: We use a dot (.) to separate Rupees from Paise. Numbers to the left of the dot represent Rupees, and the two digits to the right represent Paise. For example, in ₹52.75₹ 52.75, 5252 is the Rupee part and 7575 is the Paise part. Visualize the dot as a wall separating two different rooms.

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Writing Single-Digit Paise: When writing Paise less than 1010, we must always use two digits by placing a zero after the dot. For example, 55 Paise is written as ₹0.05₹ 0.05. If you see ₹8.02₹ 8.02, it means 88 Rupees and 22 Paise.

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Column Alignment for Operations: When adding or subtracting money, it is vital to arrange the numbers in columns so that the dots (decimal points) are exactly one below the other. Imagine a vertical line passing through all the dots to ensure that Rupees are added to Rupees and Paise are added to Paise.

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Addition with Regrouping: When adding Paise, if the total is 100100 or more, we carry over to the Rupees column. For example, if you have 120120 Paise, visualize 100100 of those Paise turning into a ₹1₹ 1 coin that moves to the Rupee 'room', leaving 2020 Paise behind.

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Subtraction with Borrowing: If the Paise in the top number is smaller than the Paise in the bottom number, we borrow ₹1₹ 1 from the Rupee column. This ₹1₹ 1 becomes 100100 Paise when it moves to the Paise column. Visualize taking a ₹1₹ 1 note and exchanging it for 100100 smaller Paise coins to complete the subtraction.

📐Formulae

1 Rupee=100 Paise1 \text{ Rupee} = 100 \text{ Paise}

Total Amount=Amount 1+Amount 2\text{Total Amount} = \text{Amount 1} + \text{Amount 2}

Balance/Change=Amount Paid−Total Cost\text{Balance/Change} = \text{Amount Paid} - \text{Total Cost}

Rupees=Total Paise100\text{Rupees} = \frac{\text{Total Paise}}{100}

💡Examples

Problem 1:

Rahul bought a chocolate for ₹25.50₹ 25.50 and a packet of chips for ₹15.75₹ 15.75. How much money did he spend in total?

Solution:

Step 1: Write the amounts in columns, aligning the dots. \begin{array}{r@{\quad}l} \text{Rupees (₹)} & \text{Paise (p)} \\ 25 & 50 \\ + 15 & 75 \\ \hline \end{array} Step 2: Add the Paise: 50+75=12550 + 75 = 125 Paise. Step 3: Since 125125 Paise = 11 Rupee and 2525 Paise, write 2525 in the Paise column and carry over 11 to the Rupees column. Step 4: Add the Rupees: 25+15+1 (carry)=4125 + 15 + 1 \text{ (carry)} = 41. Step 5: Total Amount = ₹41.25₹ 41.25.

Explanation:

We use vertical addition. Because the Paise part exceeded 100100, we converted 100100 Paise into 11 Rupee and added it to the Rupee column.

Problem 2:

Sita had ₹50.00₹ 50.00. She bought a pen for ₹18.50₹ 18.50. How much money is left with her?

Solution:

Step 1: Write the amounts in columns, aligning the dots. \begin{array}{r@{\quad}l} \text{Rupees (₹)} & \text{Paise (p)} \\ 50 & 00 \\ - 18 & 50 \\ \hline \end{array} Step 2: Subtract the Paise. Since 00<5000 < 50, borrow ₹1₹ 1 from the 5050 Rupees. 5050 becomes 4949 and 0000 Paise becomes 100100 Paise. Step 3: Now subtract Paise: 100−50=50100 - 50 = 50 Paise. Step 4: Subtract Rupees: 49−18=3149 - 18 = 31 Rupees. Step 5: Remaining Amount = ₹31.50₹ 31.50.

Explanation:

Subtraction of money requires borrowing when the top Paise value is smaller than the bottom. Borrowing ₹1₹ 1 provides 100100 Paise to make the subtraction possible.